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PCOL 824 Exam 1 questions with correct answers
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PCOL 824 Exam 1 questions with correct answers
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PCOL 824 Exam 1 questions with correct answersThe comparison of LSD to Alcohol to Klonopin to Etorphine shows CORRECT ANSWER there are very large differences in the amount of drugs needed to produce a pharmacologic effect. even if the effects are similar
some drugs like LSD seem to be ____ while others like alcohol are ___ CORRECT ANSWER Selective
not selective
chemically closely related drugs like morphine and etoprhine probably share _____
but ___ CORRECT ANSWER similar mechanism of actions
they dont have the same potency.
dextromethophan vs levomethorphan CORRECT ANSWER levo- is an opiate analgesic 10 x more potent than morphine
dextro- inactive as an analgesic
selective and specific even tho enantiomers
receptor CORRECT ANSWER molecular target responsible for pharmacological effects
primary receptor for hallucinogenic effect of LSD CORRECT ANSWER seratonin
5-HT2A receptor primary receptor for disinhibiton from alcohol and benzo's CORRECT ANSWER GABA-A receptor/chloride channel
primary receptor for etorphine, morphin and levomethorphan CORRECT ANSWER mu opiate receptor
drugs can interact with CORRECT ANSWER multiple receptors to produce pharmacological side effects
off-target side effect example CORRECT ANSWER opioids interact with mu opiate and NMDA. this NMDA interaction is what causes psychosis
a receptor can be CORRECT ANSWER any biomolecule in the body
lock and key model CORRECT ANSWER receptor is a lock and the drug is the key
if a drug doesnt fit a receptor then CORRECT ANSWER there is no pharmacological effect
enzymes lock and key CORRECT ANSWER when the drug (key) enters the receptor (lock) the enzyme then acts on the drug to change it
agonist CORRECT ANSWER drug that binds a receptor and fully activates it
antagonist CORRECT ANSWER drug binds a receptor and does not activate it partial agonist CORRECT ANSWER binds the receptor and only partially activates it
LSD as a drug CORRECT ANSWER seems to act only on the brain
probably acting on proteins in the brain which is about 140 grams
so about 10000 molecules of protein for every LSD molecule
much more visible than 1 to one billion
development of the receptor mediated actions of drugs was slow due to CORRECT
ANSWER technology
curare causes CORRECT ANSWER paralysis of respiratory muscles and death. originally used as poison.
claude bernards testing with curare led to discovery that CORRECT ANSWER - it does no act on sensory nerve or muscle, just the neuromusclular junction/motor nerve. - blood delivers the drug to the site of action
- administration route mattered (injected caused affect, eating it did not)
most biologics are ____ meaning they can be taken orally CORRECT ANSWER proteins, they will be degraded in the stomach
paul ehrlich vital staining CORRECT ANSWER noticed distinct cells based on dye pH
acidophils CORRECT ANSWER acidic dye (eosin)
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