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NSG 533 EXAM 3 LATEST UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|GRADED A+
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NSG 533 EXAM 3 LATEST UPDATE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|GRADED A+
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By: NurseLNJ • 6 months ago
By: Teacher101 • 7 months ago
By: NurseLNJ • 7 months ago
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NSG 533 EXAM 3 LATEST UP DATE 2024 -2025 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|GRADED A+ Universal stages of Heart Failure (HF) - ANSWER -- At-risk for HF - Pre HF - HF - Advanced HF according to the universal definition, what is "at -risk for HF"? - ANSWER -- do not have HF, but at risk - no current or prior s/s - no structural, functional, or biomarker evidence supporting HF according to the universal definition, what is "HF" - ANSWER -- clinical syndrome - current or prior s/s of HF - caused by structural of functional cardiac abnormality - elevated natriuretic peptide levels - evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion who is most at risk for HF - ANSWER -black males and females; older women two biggest causes of HF - ANSWER -1. ischemic heart disease (CAD) 2. HTN calculate EF - ANSWER -SV/LVEDV synonym for inotropy - ANSWER -contraction (HFrEF) synonym for lusitropy - ANSWER -relaxation (HFpEF) two organizations for classification of HF - ANSWER -1. American Heart Assocation (A,B,C,D) - based on structure 2. New York Heart Association (None, I, I, II, III, IV, V) - based on physical activity limitations how to distinguish cardiac dysfunction versus cardiac HF - ANSWER -cardiac dysfunction has structural abnormalities w/o symptoms once a patient develops symptoms along with structural abnormalities, they have HF effects of circulating angiotensin II on HF - ANSWER -- causes vasoconstriction - increases secretion of ADH - increase aldosterone secretion - increases sodium reabsorption are aldosterone levels high or low in HF? - ANSWER -20x higher than normal compensatory mechanisms for HF - ANSWER -1. Hemodynamics (Frank Starling Law) - can give inotropes as short term use to increase contractility (long -term can cause mortality) 2. SNS activation (increase contractility, tachycardia, vasoconstriction) 3. RAAS activation (angiotensin II binds to AT 1 Receptor - vasoconstriction) two types of angiotensin II - ANSWER -1. circulating 2. tissue -derived effects of aldosterone on HF - ANSWER -- increases sodium and water reabsorption - decreased potassium and magnesium - decreased baroreceptor reflex - sympathetic activation
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