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Hondros Bio 254 Final Exam – Questions & Solutions
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Hondros Bio 254 Final Exam – Questions & SolutionsThe Endocrine system is a major controlling system in the body that works
________ than that of the Nervous System. Correct Ans - Slower
Other major body system that acts to maintain homeostasis. Correct Ans -
Nervous System
The endocrine system uses chemical messengers called? Correct Ans -
Hormones
The nervous system uses _________ to communicate. Correct Ans - nerve
impulses
What system transports hormones throughout the body? Correct Ans -
circulatory system
All cells do not respond to endocrine system stimulation. Only those that have
the proper _________ on their cell membranes or within their nucleus are
activated by the hormone. Correct Ans - Receptors
The responsive cells of various endocrine hormones are called? Correct
Ans - Target cells
Most hormones are what kind of molecule? Correct Ans - Protein or
Peptide
There are a few hormones made out of what type of molecule? Correct
Ans - fat soluble
Non-steroid hormones must activate a ________ to work within the cell as they
are not able to cross the cell membrane. Correct Ans - Second
messenger
Steroid hormones cause changes to _______ because their target is within the
nucleus. Correct Ans - DNA expression
,The secretion of most hormones is regulated by what kind of system, causing
increasing levels of hormones to "turn off" its stimulus? Correct Ans -
negative feedback
The master endocrine gland because it regulates so many other endocrine
glands? Correct Ans - Anterior Pituitary
Anterior Pituitary is controlled by releasing hormones secreted by the what?
Correct Ans - Hypothalamus
Hormone necessary if glucose is to be taken up by
cells. Correct Ans - Insulin
Hormone that regulates blood calcium level,
released when levels drop. Correct Ans - PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Mineralocorticoid that regulates sodium
reabsorption by the kidney. Correct Ans - Aldosterone
Necessary for milk production after child birth. Correct Ans - Prolactin
Hormone(s) that regulates Basal metabolic rate. Correct Ans - Thyroid
Hormone (T3, T4)
Stimulates body cell division and increases length
of bones Correct Ans - growth hormone
Two hormones released by the adrenal medulla. Correct Ans -
epinephrine and norepinephrine
Element essential for proper production of thyroid
hormones (T3/T4) Correct Ans - Iodine
Pituitary hormone that regulates water
reabsorption by the kidney. Correct Ans - antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Hormone that increases the breakdown of
glycogen by the liver. Correct Ans - Glucagon
, Hormone that causes contraction of the uterine
wall muscles. Correct Ans - Oxytocin
Glucocorticoid released during prolonged stress
response. Correct Ans - Cortisol
Hormone that acts on the ovary to stimulate the
production of estrogen. Correct Ans - Follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH)
Hormone that acts on osteoblasts to lower blood
calcium levels. Correct Ans - Calcitonin
Hormone that stimulates the ovary to release the
egg. Correct Ans - luteinizing hormone (LH)
Hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland Correct Ans - Thyroid
Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete larger amounts of
hormones Correct Ans - Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Known as the male sex hormone Correct Ans - Testosterone
Hormone that stimulates vascularization of the
endometrium Correct Ans - Progesterone
Known as the female sex hormone Correct Ans - Estrogen
The "first line of defense" in innate immunity Correct Ans - skin and
mucosa
Histamine, kinins, and interleukins are examples of Correct Ans -
Inflammation mediators
A type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting
against anything recognized as non-self Correct Ans - innate immunity
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