Test Bank Juvenile Justice 2nd Edition Schmalleger
Chapter 01 Test Bank - Easy
1 In 1869, the ______ Board of Charities implemented probation for
youthful offenders.
Maryland
Massachusetts
New York
Illinois
2 Who was the father of probation?
John Tessmer
John Augustus
Frank Clinton
John Howard
3 To deal with overcrowding, reformers built ______ reformatories,
which were small facilities that mimicked a large family.
gatehouse
juvenile
cottage
sanctuary
4 Programs for impoverished children actually originated in ______.
America
Germany
France
England
5 ______ were founded in London in the mid-16th century, which
housed poor and delinquent youths and worked to train them in
specific skills.
Bridewells
Boarding schools
Dormitories
Halfway houses
6 ______ involves release of an offender from detention following a
period of good behavior, but under supervision in the community.
Parole
Probation
Good behavior
Bail
7 In Colonial times, ______ saw the family as the cornerstone of the
community, and they believed that parents should be allowed to
punish their children as they saw fit.
Puritans
court officials
child savers
legislation
8 Instituted first for adults, probation was seen as both a way to
rehabilitate offenders and a way to cope with ______.
, mental illness
overcrowded jails
youthful offenders
violent crimes
9 The Cook County Juvenile Court was established through
legislation reflecting a new attitude that children should be treated
differently due to their undeveloped ______ and emotional status.
physical traits
perceptive
cognitive
spiritual
10 The ______ movement began in the late 1800s and advocated
rescuing juvenile delinquents from the streets and providing them
with social services instead of punishing delinquents for behaviors
such as running away.
kid investor
child saver
child reformer
kid rights
11 In the ______ Era, from 1880 to 1929 involved middle- and upper-
class reformers concerned about treatment of juveniles and
pushed for changes in how juveniles were managed.
Classical
Industrial
Reform
Progressive
12 By 1931, more than ______ guidance clinics were created to assist
the juvenile justice system.
100
500
200
900
13 In 1903, Illinois legislation allowed the juvenile justice system to
intervene with ______ offenses such as curfew violations and
incorrigibility, in addition to their existing mandate to deal with
youths engaged in criminal acts or subject to dependency and
neglect findings.
violent
property
status
domestic
14 The juvenile justice system started in Cook County Illinois in
______.
1905
1803
1980
1899
15 In the 1905 case of ______, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court
settled the issue of child and parental rights by citing the intent of
, intervention.
People v. Turner
Kent v. U.S.
Commonwealth v. Fisher
Ingraham v. Wright
16 The original juvenile court was based on the ______ concept.
parens patriae
English common law
criminal law
civil law
17 A person who is running for the local city council makes a speech
to parents arguing stridently for their right to raise their children
as they see fit, without oversight from local, state, or federal
governments. Which court decision does this person’s message
most align with?
People v. Turner
Commonwealth v. Fisher
Graham v. Florida
Miller v. Alabama
18 In the case of ______, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court ruled that
the state had the power to intervene for any reason, especially if it
could provide help for families that could not provide it on their
own.
Kent v. United States
Commonwealth v. Fisher
People v. Turner
Ex parte Crouse
19 In the case of ______, the court upheld the concept of parens
patriae in the United States.
Miller v. Alabama
People v. Turner
Ex Parte Crouse
Ex Parte McKeiver
20 The ______ legal standard set in the Middle Ages called “parens
patriae” comes from a Latin term meaning “parent of the nation.”
American
Spanish
French
English
21 Bridewells housed poor and delinquent youths and worked to train
them in specific skills.
True
False
An addendum is an addition or clarification issued to bidders before the bidding is closed,
whereas a change order is a change made to the contract after the contract has been
awarded.
22 In Colonial times, Quakers believed that if corporal punishment or
other sanctions by the parents did not work, that disobedient
, children should be sent to community officials for additional
punishments based on the same rules that applied to adults.
True
False
They are provided by equipment manufacturers to show details of the equipment for a
specific job.
23 House arrest involves release of a person from detention following
a period of good behavior, but under supervision in the community.
True
False
The main steps include preparing a material take-off, tabulating and pricing, and then
summarizing the costs. Material take-offs mean counting, measuring, and listing all the
material, devices, and equipment required to complete the installation and fulfill the
contract. Pricing means assigning actual individual costs for each item, as well as the labour
required to install everything. Standard labour units are usually used, as established by
various organizations, based on specified working conditions. These units would be adjusted
according to actual job conditions. Summarizing the job estimate will also include other
costs, such as overhead, tool and equipment rentals, travel, and, of course, profit.
24 It wasn’t until the 16th and 17th centuries that scholars and
medical experts began considering childhood as a period of life
that should be treated differently from adulthood.
True
False
Arrangements must be made for field approval by the inspection authority before it can be
installed.
25 Instituted first for adults, probation was seen as both a way to
rehabilitate people and a way to cope with overcrowded jails.
True
False
According to Technical Specification 26 05 33, a separate bonding conductor must be
provided in all non-metallic raceways.
26 In America, new houses of refuge offered skills training in an
attempt to change the direction of juveniles who had engaged in
delinquency.
True
False
Referring to Technical Specification 27 30 00, the contractor must supply and install a
complete system of empty conduits (minimum 21 mm), with pull strings, terminal cabinets,
pull boxes, and outlets as shown on the drawings or described therein.
27 To combat overcrowding, reformers built cottage reformatories,
which were small facilities that mimicked a large family.
True
False
28 The first house of refuge opened in 1791 in Boston,
Massachusetts.
True
False
