Pharmacology Final Review NR293 Study Guide Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NU1426
Institution
NU1426
Pharmacology Final Review (NR293) Study Guide Questions and Correct Answers
Cardiac drugs - anti-hypertensives
How do ACE inhibitors and ARBS work?
ACE inhibitor side effects
"CAPTOPRIL"
ARBS examples
ARBS (angiotensin 2 receptor blockers) s/s
How do we know ACE inhibitors are working?
Calc...
Ans: *ARB*s:
- Blocks binding of AII type 1 in vascular
smooth muscle
Causing vasodilation.
*ACE inhibitors*:
ACE inhibitors block the action of angiotensin converting
enzymes. Therefore blocking conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
Decrease afterload and vascular resistance decreased BP.
3). Ace inhibitor side effects
"captopril"
Ans: Side effects of ACE inhibitors:
-Fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, headache
-Dry, non-productive cough
-Hyperkalemia
-Angioedema
-> severe inflammation of submucosal tissue.
the more serious side effect of ACE inhibitors is:
-ANGIOEDEMA! This is an emergency, face/hands/feet swell, and it's an airway issue
Ans: -lower BP by preventing Cafrom entering heart/artery cells
-CA causes heart/arteries to contract stronger
-by blocking calcium, these blockers allow the blood vessels to relax and open
8). How do beta blockers work?
Ans: decrease cardiac output and block the release of renin which decreases BP
-decrease myocardial oxygen demand by lowering both BP and HR (decrease afterload)
-also decrease incidence of ventricular fibrillation and therefore, myocardial infarction
9). Beta blocker contraindications
Ans: -Its a medication you should not give when a patient has *asthma*
-Drug allergies
-Acute heart failure
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, -MOI
-Peptic ulcer
-Severe liver or kidney disease
10). Centrally acting alpha 2 receptor agonists
Ans: -Clonidine
-Methyldope
-Reduce sympathetic outflow and decrease BP and renin activity
-these drugs target the brain
11). Peripherally acting
Ans: -drug targets heart/vessel
-Doxazosin
-prazosin
-terazosin
-these drugs dilate the arteries/veins and reduce peripheral vascular resistance
12). Beta 1 receptor blockers
Ans: -propranolol
-metoprolol
-atenolol
-reduce HR and peripheral vascular resistance
-these work centrally and peripherally
13). Adrenergic neuron blockers
Ans: -Labetalol
-carvedilol
-reduce HR and vasodilate
14). What should the nurses assess before giving atenolol
Ans: Monitor BP, ECG, and pulse frequently during dosage adjustment period and
periodically throughout therapy. ●
Monitor intake and output ratios and daily weights.
Assess routinely for HF (dyspnea, rales/crackles, weight gain, peripheral edema, jugular
venous distention).
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