PSYC326 Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers (Apr 13). With Complete Solution 2024/2025.
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PSYC326
PSYC326 Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers (Apr 13). With Complete Solution 2024/2025.
John's parents give him $5 for allowance every time he finishes doing 2 loads of laundry. This is an example of which kind of reinforcement schedule?
Fixed ratio
What teaching strategies were methods ...
PSYC326 Final Exam Practice Questions
and Answers (Apr 13). With Complete
Solution 2024/2025.
John's parents give him $5 for allowance every time he finishes doing 2 loads of
laundry. This is an example of which kind of reinforcement schedule?
Fixed ratio
What teaching strategies were methods employed by Skinner for his box
experiment?
Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Positive Punishment, Negative
Punishment
Whenever Kylah's students behave well, she reduces their amount of homework
for that night. This is an example of what aspect of operant conditioning?
Negative Reinforcement
A rabbit is in a cage with a red button. Regardless of how the rabbit interacts with
the button, a trap door releases a food pellet every twenty minutes.
This reinforcement schedule would be classified as Fixed-Interval
Mr. Jones is in the habit of offering extra-credit points on the next exam to
students who contribute to class discussions. What kind of reinforcement
strategy is Mr. Jones using to encourage class participation?
Positive Reinforcement
What are the methods to use a stimulus to condition behavior in operant
conditioning?
In the case of positive reinforcement, the subjects either seeks to attain a positive
stimulus, escape a negative stimulus, or actively avoid the prospect of a negative
stimulus. In negative reinforcement, they may be threatened with a negative stimulus or
the removal of a positive stimulus.
In operant conditioning, there are two primary methods of conditioning behavior:
positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is aimed at
increasing a particular behavior, while negative reinforcement is designed to decrease a
behavior.
example of a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule
Mike gets a piece of candy for every 15 minutes that he remains on task in class
Suppose Billy was punished because he had stolen his brother's lunch money.
His parents punished Billy harshly as a result, but did not give any general
guidelines for how Billy should treat his brother in the future. Which of the
following choices is the most likely outcome due to this punishment?
Billy fails to understand what is expected of him, and simply becomes fearful and
resentful.
Punishment is an attempt to decrease unwanted behavior. It is the opposite of
, reinforcement, which is used to strengthen or increase behavior. Punishment does not,
however, indicate that the subject has forgotten about their bad behavior. Because no
positive reinforcement has been added, Billy has simply been told what not to do, there
has been no indication of what he should do. It follows that, rather than learning from his
mistake, Billy may simply become afraid of further punishment.
Timmy's parents give him a dollar every time he cleans his room. Which kind of
reinforcement schedule are the parents implementing?
Continuous Reinforcement Schedule
Joseph forgot to take out the trash as part of his weekly chores, so his parents
took away his video game privileges for the rest of the week. Joseph's parents
are using which of the following principles of Operant Conditioning?
Negative Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
a type of reinforcement used to strengthen a response by presenting a stimulus
How does continuous reinforcement promote a desired behavior?
Rapid learning occurs, making it ideal for mastering a desired behavior.
Explanation:
Reinforcement is the process by which usually desired behaviors are strengthened.
Continuous reinforcement is simply reinforcing the desired response every time it
occurs. Because it "directly" reinforces a behavior at every occurrence, it promotes
rapid learning. This rapid learning in turn promotes a quick mastering of the desired
behavior. For instance, if a mouse is rewarded a piece of cheese after pushing a bar
every time, the mouse will master the technique of pushing that bar. In this case, the
mouse will have experienced positive continuous reinforcement.
What does intermittent reinforcement entail?
The desired behavior is sometimes reinforced and sometimes not.
Explanation:
Intermittent reinforcement is simply when there is partial reinforcement. This means that
a response will only be reinforced sometimes. While this may not entail rapid learning,
such as continuous reinforcement with reinforcing every desired behavior, the slow
acquisition allows for greater resistance from extinction. Extinction is the process by
which the conditioning is forgotten.
What is entailed by a fixed-ratio schedule?
Responses are reinforced after a particular number of responses.
What is entailed in a variable-ratio schedule?
Responses are reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses.
A group of researchers is interested in observing mice ring a bell. As a positive
reinforcement, they offer cheese. If the mice fail to do so, they provide a small
electrical shock. After some time, they change their reinforcement schedule.
From reinforcing every desired behavior, they only reinforce behavior after an
unpredictable number of responses. What reinforcement schedule have they
most likely chosen?
Variable-ratio schedule
A group of researchers is interested in observing mice ring a bell. As a positive
reinforcement, they offer cheese. If the mice fail to do so, they provide a small
electrical shock. After some time, they change their reinforcement schedule.
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