NCLEX NGN 2023-2025
ACTUAL EXAM ALL 450
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES ALREADY
GRADED A+
,ACE inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER--pril: HTN, HF. AD:
angioedema, cough, hypotension, hyperkalemia,
hepatotoxicity, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, pancreatitis,
SJS. Contra: pregnancy. Nursing: empty stomach, monitor
for infection, dry cough, use contraception (teratogenic),
avoid sports drinks/salt substitutes (extra K)
ARB - CORRECT ANSWER--sartan: HTN, HF. AE:
angioedema, hypotension, hyperkalemia, renal impairment.
Contra: pregnancy. Nursing: may take with food, take with
full glass of water
calcium channel blockers - CORRECT ANSWER--dipine:
HTN, angina, arrhythmias. AE: hepatotoxicity, paralytic ileus,
HF, AV block.
CONTRA: A-FIB/FLUTTER, SSS, cardiogenic shock. Nursing:
BUN/Cr, liver enzymes. Avoid: grapefruit juice, in
older=constipation
beta blockers - CORRECT ANSWER--olol: slow HR, decrease
vasoconstriction, decrease O2 consumption. Used in: HF,
HTN, HR control, angina, migraine. AE: HF, bronchospasm,
dizzy, constipation, suppresses hypoglycemia indicators.
Contra: asthma, bradycardia, SSS. Nursing: check HR before
,giving. Teach: take med at bedtime, do not stop abruptly.
Propranolol=essential tremors, Parkinsons
Vasopressor - CORRECT ANSWER-Å and ß:
Dopamine/Levophed/Epinephrine: ^HR/BP, ACLS, CO,
shock, refractory HF. AE: pulm edema, arrhythmias, HTN,
cerebral hemorrhage. Antidote for extravasation: Regitine
ß: Dobutamine: ^CO/BP. Used in HF. AE: seizures, cardiac
arrest, bronchospasm, restlessness, tremor. Nursing:
monitor BP and HR q15 mins
Vasodilators - CORRECT ANSWER-Persantine adjunct
thromboembolism prevention. AE: bronchospasm, MI.
Teach: avoid ETOH, report bruising
cardiac conduction - CORRECT ANSWER-SA node:
"pacemaker" intrinsic rate 100 bpm
AV node: 40-60 bpm
Bundle branch/purkinje: 20-40 bpm
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWER-bleeding disorder, sex
linked, s/s: prolonged bleeding. Nursing: prevent
, bleeding/falls, brush teeth with soft toothbrush. Genetic
counseling for parents
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-aplastic=not producing RBC,
congenital/pregnancy, hepatits. s/s: petechiae, bruising,
fatigue, ha. Rx: steroids, abx, Nursing: hemorrhage
precautions
Antitubercular - CORRECT ANSWER-AE: hepatotoxicity,
agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, optic neuritis, neuropathy,
psychosis. Nursing: Cr, liver enzymes, eradicated after 3 -
sputum cultures, Avoid ETOH, tyramine, take vit B6 for
neuropathy, duration of therapy months to years
pH - CORRECT ANSWER-7.35-7.45
PCO2 - CORRECT ANSWER-35-45
HCO3 - CORRECT ANSWER-22-28
PO2 - CORRECT ANSWER-80-100%
