NC BLET 2022 First Responder Questions and Correct Answers.
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NC BLET
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NC BLET
NC BLET 2022 First Responder Questions and Correct Answers.
5 Components of EMS Systems:
1) Reporting- Call is received from dispatch
2) Dispatch- Notification to emergency personnel
3) First Response- 1st trained personnel arrival
4) EMS Response- EMS arrive in a medical vehicle
5) Hospita...
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NC BLET 2022 First Responder Questions and
Correct Answers.
5 Components of EMS Systems:
1) Reporting- Call is received from dispatch
2) Dispatch- Notification to emergency personnel
3) First Response- 1st trained personnel arrival
4) EMS Response- EMS arrive in a medical vehicle
5) Hospital Care- Arrive at a medical facility
Legal Implications:
1) Unauthorized practice of medicine
2) Liability
3) Consent
4) Abandonment
5) Privacy
Unauthorized practice of medicine:
1) it is a misdemeanor to practice without a license in NC
2) In addition to being charged with a misdemeanor, the officer may also be held
responsible for any damages when their actions exceed their training.
Liability:
Providing care to the level of your training and to the best of your ability is
paramount.
An officer should realize that if sued [after providing emergency medical care]:
the plaintiff must prove gross negligence, wanton conduct, or intentional wrongdoing.
First Aid (Good Samaritan Law):
- There is a reasonable expectation of prompt decisions and action in medical care,
AND
- The necessity of immediate medical care or the delay in rendering medical care, would
seriously worsen the physical condition or endanger the life of the person.
[Under the Good Samaritan law,] the person shall NOT:
Be liable for any injuries alleged to have been sustained by the person or death of the
person alleged to have occurred by an act or omission in the rendering of the treatment
UNLESS it is established that the injuries or death was caused by gross negligence,
wanton conduct or intentional wrongdoing on the part of the person rendering the
treatment.
Types of Consent:
- Actual
- Implied
Actual Consent:
If a person is conscious and the person's judgment appears unimpaired, you should
obtain his/her consent before treatment.
If an individual were to refuse treatment and the officer was to provide care, the officer
,may be considered to have committed an assault upon the individual (and may be held
responsible for any damages that resulted from their treatment).
Implied Consent:
If an individual is unconscious or the individual's judgment and ability to respond is
impaired, medical care should NOT be delayed for lack of consent because the law
presumes that the individual consents to be treated in those circumstances.
However, if anyone present is authorized to give consent, such as next of kin, it may be
best practice to act and work with EMS personnel to obtain consent.
Either way, DOCUMENT that consent was given.
Abandonment:
If an officer responds to a medical emergency, the officer should not leave the individual
until relieved by someone with equal or greater training.
Leaving beforehand may constitute abandonment and may result in legal action being
brought against the officer.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA):
Addresses the prohibitions against the release of individual information by health care
providers and similar entities.
Exemptions to HIPPA for when law enforcement may obtain medical information:
1) to report personal health information to a law enforcement official reasonably able to
prevent or lessen a serious and imminent threat to the health or safety of an individual
or the public
2) to report personal health information that the covered entity in good faith believe to
be evidence of a crime that occurred on the premises of the covered entity
3) to alert law enforcement to the death of the individual, when there is a suspicion that
death resulted from criminal conduct
4) when responding to an off-site medical emergency, as necessary to alert law
enforcement to criminal activity
5) to report personal health information to law enforcement when required by law to do
so (such as reporting gun shot or stab wounds)
6) to comply with a court order or court-ordered warrant, a subpoena or summons
issues by a judicial officer, or an administrative request from a law enforcement official
7) to respond to a request for personal health information for purposes of identifying or
locating a suspect, fugitive, material witness, or missing person, but the info must be
limited to basic demographic and health information about the person
8) to respond to a request for personal health information about an adult victim of a
crime when the victim agrees (or in limited circumstances if the individual is unable to
agree)
Bloodborne Pathogens:
, infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. These
pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus
(HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Other potentially infectious materials (OPIMs):
bloodborne pathogens can also be contained in other bodily fluids, which includes
semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, amniotic fluid, cerebral-spinal fluid, and any other
body fluid or matter with may contain blood.
Occupational Exposure:
reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral, contact with blood
or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an
employee's duties
Exposure Control (methods of reducing the likelihood of exposure):
1) administrative controls which include providing vaccinations, preventive
procedures, and training programs
2) engineering controls are physical barriers to exposure, such as sharp-safe
evidence containers and biohazard labels, as well as hand and eye washing stations
3) work practice controls make the administrative and engineering controls effective.
work practice controls also involve the use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV):
cases swelling in the liver, and is not transmitted by casual contact. it is contracted
through exposure to infected blood or other potentially infectious materials.
Symptoms include:
1) jaundice
2) fatigue
3) mild fever
4) nausea/ vomiting/ diarrhea
5) abdominal and/ or joint pain
Hepatitis C virus (HCV):
the most common chronic bloodborne infection in the US; symptoms are similar to
those of HBV, but those who are infected may not show symptoms. There is no vaccine
to protect from this.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):
The virus which leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is a
condition in which the body is unable to defend itself against infections and mutated
cells. It is transmitted by sexual contact, sharing drug needles, and during pregnancy,
birth, or breastfeeding.
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