HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice 180 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!! 2024/ 2025
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Course
HESI pharmacology 2023
Institution
HESI Pharmacology 2023
HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!! 2024/
2025
22.) A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate
is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been ...
HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!! 2024/
2025
22.) A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate
is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been
prescribed to:
1. Treat thyroid storm.
2. Prevent cardiac irritability.
3. Treat hypocalcemic t etany.
4. Stimulate the release of parathyroid hormone. - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Treat
hypocalcemic tetany.
Rationale:
Hypocalcemia can develop after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are accidentally
removed or injured during surgery. Manifestations d evelop 1 to 7 days after surgery. If
the client develops numbness and tingling around the mouth, fingertips, or toes or
muscle spasms or twitching, the health care provider is notified immediately. Calcium
gluconate should be kept at the bedside.
23.) A c lient who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized
with daily insulin injections. Which information should the nurse teach when carrying out
plans for discharge?
1. Keep insulin vials refrigerated at all times.
2. Rotate the in sulin injection sites systematically.
3. Increase the amount of insulin before unusual exercise.
4. Monitor the urine acetone level to determine the insulin dosage. - CORRECT
ANSWER 2. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically.
Rationale:
Insul in dosages should not be adjusted or increased before unusual exercise. If acetone
is found in the urine, it may possibly indicate the need for additional insulin. To minimize
the discomfort associated with insulin injections, the insulin should be adminis tered at
room temperature. Injection sites should be systematically rotated from one area to
another. The client should be instructed to give injections in one area, about 1 inch
apart, until the whole area has been used and then to change to another site. This
prevents dramatic changes in daily insulin absorption.
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24.) A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client regarding how to mix regular insulin and
NPH insulin in the same syringe. Which of the following actions, if performed by the
client, indicates the need for further teaching?
1. Withdraws the NPH insulin first
2. Withdraws the regular insulin first
3. Injects air into NPH insulin vial first
4. Injects an amount of air equal to the desired dose of insulin into the vial - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Wit hdraws the NPH insulin first
Rationale:
When preparing a mixture of regular insulin with another insulin preparation, the regular
insulin is drawn into the syringe first. This sequence will avoid contaminating the vial of
regular insulin with insulin of an other type. Options 2, 3, and 4 identify the correct
actions for preparing NPH and regular insulin.
25.) A home care nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is
taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened
vials of insulin. The nurse tells the client to:
1. Freeze the insulin.
2. Refri gerate the insulin.
3. Store the insulin in a dark, dry place.
4. Keep the insulin at room temperature. - CORRECT ANSWER 2. Refrigerate the
insulin.
Rationale:
Insulin in unopened vials should be stored under refrigeration until needed. Vials should
not be frozen. When stored unopened under refrigeration, insulin can be used up to the
expiration date on the vial. Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
27.) Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a client with erectile dysfunction. A nurse
reviews the cl ient's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the
following is noted in the client's history?
1. Neuralgia
2. Insomnia
3. Use of nitroglycerin
4. Use of multivitamins - CORRECT ANSWER 3. Use of nitroglycerin
Rationale:
Sildena fil (Viagra) enhances the vasodilating effect of nitric oxide in the corpus
cavernosum of the penis, thus sustaining an erection. Because of the effect of the
medication, it is contraindicated with concurrent use of organic nitrates and
nitroglycerin. Sild enafil is not contraindicated with the use of vitamins. Neuralgia and
insomnia are side effects of the medication.
28.) The health care provider (HCP) prescribes exenatide (Byetta) for a client with type
1 diabetes mellitus who takes insulin. The nurse kn ows that which of the following is the
appropriate intervention?
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1. The medication is administered within 60 minutes before the morning and evening
meal.
2. The medication is withheld and the HCP is called to question the prescription for the
client.
3. The client is monitored for gastrointestinal side effects after administration of the
medication.
4. The insulin is withdrawn from the Penlet into an insulin syringe to prepare for
administration. - CORRECT ANSWER 2. The medication is withheld and the HCP is
called to question the prescription for the client.
Rationale:
Exenatide (Byetta) is an incretin mimetic used for type 2 diabetes mellitus only. It is not
recommended for clients taking insulin. Hence, the nurse should hold the medication
and questi on the HCP regarding this prescription. Although options 1 and 3 are correct
statements about the medication, in this situation the medication should not be
administered. The medication is packaged in prefilled pens ready for injection without
the need for drawing it up into another syringe.
29.) A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse reinforces
instructions for the client and tells the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic
reaction to occur is:
1. 2 to 4 hours after administration
2. 4 to 12 hours after administration
3. 16 to 18 hours after administration
4. 18 to 24 hours after administration - CORRECT ANSWER 2. 4 to 12 hours after
administration
Rationale:
Humulin NPH is an intermediate -acting insulin. The onset of action is 1.5 hours, it peaks
in 4 to 12 hours, and its duration of action is 24 hours. Hypoglycemic reactions most
likely occur during peak time.
30.) A client with diabetes mellitus visits a he alth care clinic. The client's diabetes
mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta) daily, but recently
the fasting blood glucose level has been 180 to 200 mg/dL. Which medication, if added
to the client's regimen, may have contri buted to the hyperglycemia?
1. Prednisone
2. Phenelzine (Nardil)
3. Atenolol (Tenormin)
4. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Prednisone
Rationale:
Prednisone may decrease the effect of oral hypoglycemics, insulin, diuretics, and
potassium su pplements. Option 2, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and option 3, a β -
blocker, have their own intrinsic hypoglycemic activity. Option 4 decreases urinary
excretion of sulfonylurea agents, causing increased levels of the oral agents, which can
lead to hypog lycemia.
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