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ENGR 244 Mechanics of Materials Lab 2 and lab 3 Tension Test on Metals Concordia University 2024
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ENGR 244 Mechanics of Materials Lab 2 and lab 3 Tension Test on Metals Concordia University 2024
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ENGR 244 Mechanics of Materials Lab 2 andlab 3 Tension Test on Metals Concordia
University 2024
,Lab Section TI
, TENSION TEST ON METALS
Objective:
The goal of this lab is to test the tension strength and ductility of steel and
aluminum at their maximum tensile stress, while, comparing the stress vs.
strain curves of steel and aluminum upon tensile loading.
Introduction:
Tension test is a standard test that is gripped at both ends by suitable appa- ratus
in a tension testing machine which slowly exerts axial pull so that the steel is
stretched until it fails (breaks). In fact, tensile strength is the maxi- mum tensile
stress which a material is capable of sustaining. That test pro- vides information
such as proof stress, yield point, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, ultimate
strength, percent elongation, percent reduction of area, proportional limit and the
true fracture stress. Those values are found by an- alyzing the stress vs. stain
graph for the tensile test. During this procedure, the specimen elongates in a
direction parallel to the applied load and the cross-sectional area decreases.
Stress:
σ = P/A
Strain:
ε = δ/L
• σ = tensile stresses on the specimen (MPa)
• ε = strain (mm/mm)
• P = load applied to the specimen (N)
• A= cross section area of the specimen (mm2)
• L = gauge length (mm)
• δ = elongation (mm)
Diameter Average:
Davg = D1 + D2 + D3
3
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