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Psychiatric-Mental Health Practice Exam Questions and Solutions
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Psychiatric-Mental Health PracticeExam Questions and Solutions
2.
A male client is admitted to the mental health unit because he was feeling
depressed about the loss of his wife and job. The client has a history of
alcohol dependency and admits that he was drinking alcohol 12 hours ago.
Vital signs are: temperature, 100° F, pulse 100, and BP 142/100. The nurse
plans to give the client lorazepam (Ativan) based on which priority nursing
diagnosis?
A) Risk for injury related to suicidal ideation.
B) Risk for injury related to alcohol detoxification.
C) Knowledge deficit related to ineffective coping.
D) Health seeking behaviors related to personal crisis. - -The most important
nursing diagnosis is related to alcohol detoxification (B) because the client
has elevated vital signs, a sign of alcohol detoxification. Maintaining client
safety related to (A) should be addressed after giving the client Ativan for
elevated vital signs secondary to alcohol withdrawal. (C and D) can be
addressed when immediate needs for safety are met.
Correct Answer(s): B
-3.
The charge nurse is collaborating with the nursing staff about the plan of
care for a client who is very depressed. What is the most important
intervention to implement during the first 48 hours after the client's
admission to the unit?
A) Monitor appetite and observe intake at meals.
B) Maintain safety in the client's milieu.
C) Provide ongoing, supportive contact.
D) Encourage participation in activities. - -The most important reason for
closely observing a depressed client immediately after admission is to
maintain safety (B), since suicide is a risk with depression. (A, C, and D) are
all important interventions, but safety is the priority.
Correct Answer(s): B
-6.
The parents of a 14-year-old boy bring their son to the hospital. He is
lethargic, but responsive. The mother states, "I think he took some of my
pain pills." During initial assessment of the teenager, what information is
most important for the nurse to obtain from the parents?
A) If he has seemed depressed recently.
B) If a drug overdose has ever occurred before.
,C) If he might have taken any other drugs.
D) If he has a desire to quit taking drugs. - -Knowledge of all substances
taken (C) will guide further treatment, such as administration of antagonists,
so obtaining this information has the highest priority. (A and B) are also
valuable in planning treatment. (D) is not appropriate during the acute
management of a drug overdose.
Correct Answer(s): C
-7.
The wife of a male client recently diagnosed with schizophrenia asks the
nurse, "What exactly is schizophrenia? Is my husband all right?" Which
response is best for the nurse to provide to this family member?
A) It sounds like you're worried about your husband. Let's sit down and talk.
B) It is a chemical imbalance in the brain that causes disorganized thinking.
C) Your husband will be just fine if he takes his medications regularly.
D) I think you should talk to your husband's psychologist about this question.
- -The nurse should answer the client's question with factual information and
explain that schizophrenia is a chemical imbalance in the brain (B). (A) is a
therapeutic response but does not answer the question, and may be an
appropriate response after the nurse answers the question asked. Although
(C) is likely true to some degree, it is also true that some clients continue to
have disorganized thinking even with antipsychotic medications. Referring
the spouse to the psychologist (D) is avoiding the issue; the nurse can and
should answer the question.
Correct Answer(s): B
-8.
The community health nurse talks to a male client who has bipolar disorder.
The client explains that he sleeps 4 to 5 hours a night and is working with his
partner to start two new businesses and build an empire. The client stopped
taking his medications several days ago. What nursing problem has the
highest priority?
A) Excessive work activity.
B) Decreased need for sleep.
C) Medication management.
D) Inflated self-esteem. - -The most important nursing problem is medication
management (C) because compliance with the medication regimen will help
prevent hospitalization. The client is also exhibiting signs of (A, B, and C);
however, these problems do not have the priority of medication
management.
Correct Answer(s): C
-9.
, At a support meeting of parents of a teenager with polysubstance
dependency, a parent states, "Each time my son tries to quit taking drugs,
he gets so depressed that I'm afraid he will commit suicide." The nurse's
response should be based on which information?
A) Addiction is a chronic, incurable disease.
B) Tolerance to the effects of drugs causes feelings of depression.
C) Feelings of depression frequently lead to drug abuse and addiction.
D) Careful monitoring should be provided during withdrawal from the drugs. -
-The priority is to teach the parents that their son will need monitoring and
support during withdrawal (D) to ensure that he does not attempt suicide.
Although (A and C) are true, they are not as relevant to the parent's
expressed concern. There is no information to support (B).
Correct Answer(s): D
-12.
The nurse is planning discharge for a male client with schizophrenia. The
client insists that he is returning to his apartment, although the healthcare
provider informed him that he will be moving to a boarding home. What is
the most important nursing diagnosis for discharge planning?
A) Ineffective denial related to situational anxiety.
B) Ineffective coping related to inadequate support.
C) Social isolation related to difficult interactions.
D) Self-care deficit related to cognitive impairment. - -The best nursing
diagnosis is (A) because the client is unable to acknowledge the move to a
boarding home. (B, C, and D) are potential nursing diagnoses, but denial is
most important because it is a defense mechanism that keeps the client
from dealing with his feelings about living arrangements.
Correct Answer(s): A
-13.
Which diet selection by a client who is depressed and taking the MAO
inhibitor tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate) indicates to the nurse that the
client understands the dietary restrictions imposed by this medication
regimen?
A) Hamburger, French fries, and chocolate milkshake.
B) Liver and onions, broccoli, and decaffeinated coffee.
C) Pepperoni and cheese pizza, tossed salad, and a soft drink.
D) Roast beef, baked potato with butter, and iced tea. - -Only (D) contains
no tyramine. Tyramine in foods interacts with MAOI in the body causing a
hypertensive crisis which is life-threatening, and Parnate is classified as an
MAOI antidepressant. Some items in (A, B, and C) contain tyramine and
would not be permitted for a client taking Parnate.
Correct Answer(s): D
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