WGU D430 Fundamentals of Information Security FINAL EXAM (QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+ Define the confidentiality in the CIA triad. Our ability to protect data from those who are not authorized to view it. Examples of confidentiality A patron using an ATM card wants to keep their PIN number co nfidential. An ATM owner wants to keep bank account numbers confidential. How can confidentiality be broken? Losing a laptop An attacker gets access to info A person can look over your shoulder Define integrity in the CIA triad. The ability to prevent people from changing your data and the ability to reverse unwanted changes. How do you control integrity? Permissions restrict what users can do (read, write, etc.) Examples of integrity Data used by a doctor to make medical decisions needs to be corre ct or the patient can die. Define the availability in the CIA triad. Our data needs to be accessible when we need it . How can availability be broken? Loss of power, application problems. If caused by an attacker, this is a Denial of Service attack. Define information security. The protection of information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction in order to provide confidentiality, integrity, and availability . Define the Parkerian H exad and its principles. The Parkerian Hexad includes confidentiality, integrity, and availability from the CIA triad. It also includes possession (or control), authenticity, and utility. Authenticity Whether the data in question comes from who or where it says it comes from (i.e. did this person actually send this email?) Confidentiality is affected by what type of attack? Interception (eaves dropping) Integrity is affected by what type of attacks? Interruption (assets are unusable), modification (ta mpering with an asset), fabrication (generating false data) Authenticity is affected by what type of attacks? Interruption (assets are unusable), modification (tampering with an asset), fabrication (generating false data) Utility How useful the data is to you (can be a spectrum, not just yes or no) Possession Do you physically have the data in question? Used to describe the scope of a loss Identify the four types of attacks interception, interruption, modification, and fabrication Interception att acks Make your assets unusable or unavailable Interruption attacks cause assets to become unusable or unavailable for our use, on a temporary or permanent basis
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