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NURS 305 - Test 1 (Dr. Simpson & Dr. Thompson - Spring 2024) – Q&A
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NURS 305 - Test 1 (Dr. Simpson & Dr. Thompson -Spring 2024) – Q&A
Pharmacology is a science that draws on information from multiple
disciplines, including: Correct Ans - -Anatomy
-Physiology
-Psychology
-Chemistry
-Microbiology
Three main characteristics of meds Correct Ans - - Effectiveness
- Safety
- Selectivity
Is there every a perfect drug? Correct Ans - No, there will always be
unplanned effects/side effects.
Effectiveness of a drug Correct Ans - It does what it is intended to
do
Safety of a drug Correct Ans - Safety cannot be assured
Selectivity of a drug Correct Ans - Should do only what it is
intended to do
Therapeutic objective of medicine Correct Ans - To bring maximum
benefit with minimum amount of harm
9 rights of medication administration Correct Ans - •Right
Medication/drug
•Right Dose
•Right Patient
•Right Route
•Right Time
•Right Documentation
•Right evaluation
•Right of patient to education
•Right of patient to refuse care
,In addition to the 9 rights of med administration, what also needs to be
done? Correct Ans - Pre-administration assessment
What does a pre-administration assessment include? Correct Ans -
•Vital signs
•Oxygen saturation
•Mental status
•Observing and reporting side effects
•Managing side effects
•Patient/family education needs
Many drugs work through what kind of sites? Correct Ans -
Receptor sites
Examples of how drugs act on receptor sites Correct Ans - -Activate
or inactivate cellular enzymes
-Alters the characteristics of the cell membrane
-Activates or inactivates neurohormones
Agonist Correct Ans - •Activates receptor sites by binding with
them (high intrinsic activity)
•Mimics endogenous chemicals such as neurotransmitters and hormones
Examples of agonists Correct Ans - -Dobutamine (mimics
norepinephrine)
-Insulin
- Morphine (opioid agonist)
Antagonist Correct Ans - •Prevents agonists from doing their job in
receptor activation
•Inhibits the action of endogenous substances and drugs
•Attracted by the receptor site but no ability to activate (has no effects of
its own on the receptor)
Examples of antagonists Correct Ans - - Antidotes for opioid
overdose (naloxone -aka Narcan)
- Antihistamine
- Benadryl
, - Claritin
A patient who has cancer reports pain as "burning" and "shooting"
alternating with feelings of numbness and coldness. What should be used?
Correct Ans - Duloxetine (Cymbalta) will be used.
Partial Agonists: Agonists-antagonists Correct Ans - Drugs that act
on both capacities
Examples of agonists-antagonists Correct Ans - -Talwin
-Nubain
-Stadol
Non-receptor drug actions Correct Ans - Chemically neutralize and
alter osmolarity
(antacids are an example of drugs that do that)
Factors that determine the intensity of drug responses Correct Ans -
- Administration (i.e. drug errors)
- Pharmacokinetics (i.e. metabolism)
- Pharmacodynamics (i.e. patient's functional state)
Pharmacokinetics Correct Ans - Processes that affect a drug from
the time it enters the body until it leaves the body
- A.D.M.E.
Pharmacokinetics vs. pharmacodynamics Correct Ans - What the
body does to the drug vs. what the drug does to the body
A.D.M.E. of pharmacokinetics Correct Ans - - Absorption
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Excretion
Absorption Correct Ans - Time from entry into the body until it
reaches the blood stream
- IV>IM>SQ>PO
- Liquid is absorbed faster than tablets
- Patches should be placed on non-hairy areas for quick
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