Student Exploration: Ionic Bonds
Vocabulary: chemical family, electron affinity, ion, ionic bond, metal, nonmetal, octet rule, shell,
valence electron, ♫heavy metal ♫
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1. Nate and Clara are drawing pictures with markers. There are ...
Vocabulary: chemical family, electron affinity, ion, ionic bond, metal, nonmetal, octet rule, shell,
valence electron, ♫heavy metal ♫
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo .)
1. Nate and Clara are drawing pictures with markers. There are 8 markers in a set. Nate has 9
markers and Clara has 7. What can Nate and Clara do so that each of them has a full set?
Nate gives one to Clara
2. Maggie is sitting at a table with Fred and Florence. Maggie has 10 markers, but Fred and
Florence each have only 7 markers. How can they share markers so each has 8?
Maggies gives Fred one marker and Maggie gives Florence one marker.
Gizmo Warm-up
Just like students sharing markers, atoms sometimes share or swap electrons. By doing this,
atoms form bonds. The Ionic Bonds Gizmo™ allows you to explore how ionic bonds form.
To begin, check that Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) are
selected from the menus at right. Click Play ( ) to see
electrons orbiting the nucleus of each atom. (Note: These
atom models are simplified and not meant to be realistic.)
1. Each atom consists of a central nucleus and several shells that contain electrons. The
outermost electrons are called valence electrons. (Inner electrons are not shown.)
How many valence electrons does each atom have? Sodium: 1 Chlorine: 7
2. Click Pause ( ). Elements can be classified as metals and nonmetals. Metals do not
hold on to their valence electrons very tightly, while nonmetals hold their electrons tightly.
Electron affinity is a measure of how tightly the valence electrons are held.
A. Try pulling an electron away from each atom. Based on this
experiment, which atom is a metal? SodiumWhich is a nonmetal?
Chlorine
B. Try moving an electron from the metal to the nonmetal. What happens?
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