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Right of Way Pest Management Exam/33 Questions & Answers/A+ Rated.
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Right of Way Pest Management Exam/33Questions & Answers/A+ Rated.
Right of way certification - -Maintaining vegetation in these
right-of-ways is of crucial importance and
involves controlling weeds,
-IVM (integrated Vegetation management derived from IPM Integrated Pest
Management) - -as the knowledge and understanding of pest management
advanced the strategies of utilizing several methods of pest control at the
right time to target specific pests became known as integrated pest
management.
LEGAL - state and federal laws require control of noxious weeds to help
protect public and private lands from degrading impacts
QUALITY - improving vegetation programs reduce costs and the use of
pesticides at the same time that it controls noxious and problem vegetation
COOPERATION - Working with other land managers improves weed control
on public and private land
PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE - When the public is educated about vegetation
programs, the number of complaints and lawsuits usually is reduced.
SAFETY - Reducing and eliminating problem vegetation improves sight
distance and maintains clear zones so roadside objects are visible to drivers
ECONOMICS - IVM increases productivity and effectiveness and in turn
reduces short and long term maintenance costs
EFFICIENCY - IVM contributes to the efficient use of equipment, personnel,
and materials through the scheduling and priorities
-IVM programs strive to - -integrate chemical, biological, mechanical, and
cultural weed control methods for optimum vegetation management
-Annuals - - -complete life cycle in one growing season. seed from annual
plant germinates, grows int a mature plant, produces seeds in one growing
season
Summer annual ex Russian Thistle and puncture vine
Winter annual - Cheatgrass and Cereal Rye
-Biennials - - -Take two years or growing seasons to complete their life
cycle.
first year they grow and store foodreserves without flowering or producing
seeds
second year or growing season - plant develops mature flowers and
produces seeds
ex musk thistle and hounds tongue are example of weedy biennials
, -Perennials - -live from year to year
have large root systems which make it hard for them to be killed.
ex bindweed, leafy spurge and Russian knapweed
-IVM for different types of weeds - -Annualls and Biennials is obtained when
they are in the young seedling and rosette stages
Perennials are most vulnerable in prebloom and blooming stage because the
weed is putting in most of their energy into seed production
-Grasses - - -most common plant species found on right of ways
monocots - plant has one sead leaf at germination
most grasses are very useful... but some species are weeds
two ex. Cheatgrass and medusahead rye
-Classification of Soil texture by feel - -Sand, loamy sand; feels gritty but
does not ribbon or smear o the hand
Sandy loam: feels gritty and leaves a smear on the hand, but does not ribbon
Silt loam: feels smooth and flour like, but does not ribbon
Sandy clay loam: fells gritty and forms a ribbon that breaks into pieces
Sandy clay: feels gritty anf forms long pliable ribbons ( ribbon is being able
to extend the soil when compacted -- silly putty or play dough )
-Water flow in different soils - -water does not infiltrate clay soils at all while
water moves through sandy soils at a very fast rate
-Organic soil criteria - -1.) the mineral content of the soil has no clay and
the organic content is 20% or more
2.)The mineral content of the soil is between 0 and 50% Clay and the organic
content is between 20%-30%
3.)the mineral content of the soil is 50% or more clay and the organic
content is 30% or more
-Inorganic Herbicides - -these are salt compounds (brine) a mixture of salt
and ashes has been used to kill veg for hundreds of years. the borates and
other salt compounds have also been used as bare ground herbicides.
inorganic herbicides last for a long time in the soil and can cause
envirionmental problems
-Organic Herbicides - - -are the most commonly used
Benzoic Acids (Dicamba)- Dicamba is used on broadleaf weeds used as a
contact herbicide but also has soil risidual properties (absorbed to the root)
Growth hormone that interferes with protein synthesis in the plant
Phenoxys - 2, 4-D contact herbicide for pre/post-emergent hormone weed
killer and it is highly selective for broadleaf weeds
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