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HESI GERONTOLOGY STUDYGUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024..
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HESI GERONTOLOGY STUDYGUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024..
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Gerontology HESI test1. The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a
nasogastric tube is known as what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping: Lavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of
medication, or other toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
2. You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her
daughter, with whom she lives and who prepares many of her meals,
asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet and which
she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that this patient
should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas.: Lean red meat
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality
proteins produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular
processes. Dialysis patients should avoid foods high in potassium, including
avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should eat other potassium-containing foods
in moderation.
3. Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After
testing, you determine she is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the
following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis for Peptic
Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease.: Migraines
, Gerontology HESI test
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of
the condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
4. There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result
of smoking. Counseling regarding smoking cessation is part of the
GNP's job.
The components of brief intervention for treating tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange: Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to
quit, Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
5. Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that
she is concerned about. How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques.: Wheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated,
circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with
transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping
of papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm.
6. Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic
aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked females aged
65-75 who have hypertension males and females over
75 females over 75: males aged 65-75 who have ever
smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The
American Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages
65-75 if they have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
, Gerontology HESI test
7. With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe
what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.: Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter
jejuni: Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
8. A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came
in from the woods and discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He
reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly red. What
should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease.: He needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick
must belong to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours
before the disease can spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this
case because the tick has not been present long enough.
9. As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he
see an Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat.: Eyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints /
Muscles Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
, Gerontology HESI test
10. As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging,
some laboratory test results will have age-related changes. Which of the
following values would be the least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values white
blood cell counts platelet range
hemoglobin values: platelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease,
white blood cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly
decrease, but platelet range does not vary.
11. The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more
about this condition. You would tell them all of the following except:
Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
Some persons diagnosed with dementia have reversible pseudodementia.
Irreversible dementia has a gradual onset and a progressive downward
course.
50% of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia.: 50%
of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia.
This statement is not true. It is estimated that between 10 and 20% of the older
adult population suffer from some form of dementia. There are 1.2 million cases in
the United States in people over the age of 65.
12. What is true regarding deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Contrast venography is the most commonly used test to diagnose this.
Because the presentation of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical
presentation alone is problematic.
Hypocoagulation state presents a considerable risk for DVT.
Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at easing the pain.: Because the
presentation of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical presentation alone
is problematic.
Choice B is the right answer. Contrast venography has the greatest sensitivity and
specificity for the condition but due to the cost and nature of the test, ultrasound is
more common as first-line diagnostic technique (choice A). A hypercoagulation
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