Are diaphragms one-size-fits-all? - No, a female client should be fitted with a diaphragm properly by a provider.
How long should a diaphragm be used before replacement? What other situations warrant replacement? - A client must be refitted by the provider every 2 years. If there is a 15 lb weight...
Maternal Newborn ATI Questions - Exam
1
Are diaphragms one-size-fits-all? - No, a female client should be fitted with a diaphragm properly by a
provider.
How long should a diaphragm be used before replacement? What other situations warrant
replacement? - A client must be refitted by the provider every 2 years. If there is a 15 lb weight change,
full-term pregnancy, or second-term abortion, the client should be refitted.
Does the diaphragm work all by itself or do you need something else? - It should be inserted with
spermicidal jelly or cream that is applied to the cervical side of the dome and around the rim.
How long does the diaphragm need to be in place following coitus? - 6 hours.
Should spermicide be reapplied with each act of coitus? - Absolutely.
What should the client do prior to inserting the diaphragm (besides using the spermicide)? - The client
should empty her bladder.
Can you buy a diaphragm at the drug store? - No, a prescription and a visit to the provider is necessary.
What is a major risk/possible complication of using a diaphragm? - Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). If you
have a history of TSS, you should use a diaphragm. Risk of getting TSS goes up by using one. It's a
bacterial infection. Proper hand hygiene should be observed when inserting and removing the device.
What two hormones are found in combined oral contraceptives? - Estrogen + progestin
How do these two hormones work to prevent conception? - Suppresses ovulation, thickening the
cervical mucus to block semen, and altering the uterine deduce to prevent implantation.
,How does a client get access to this medication? - Requires a prescription and follow-up appointments
with the provider.
What side effects and danger signs should be observed? - Chest pain, shortness of earth, leg pain from a
possible clot, headache, or eye problems from a stroke, or hypertension.
What happens if a dose is missed? 2-3 doses? - Take the missed does as soon as possible. If 2-3 doses
are missed, follow manufacturer's instructions. Use alternative forms of contraception or abstinence to
precent pregnancy until regular dosing is resumed.
What are the advantages to combined oral contraceptives? - Highly effective if taken correctly and
consistently. Can alleviate dysmenorrhea by decreasing menstrual flow and menstrual cramp. Reduces
acne.
What are the disadvantages to combined oral contraceptives? - Do not protect against STIs. Can increase
thromboses, breast tenderness, scant or missed menstruation, stroke, nausea, headaches, and
hormone-dependent cancers. Exacerbates conditions affected by fluid retention such as migraine,
epilepsy, asthma, kidney, or heat disease.
What risks/possible complications exist with combined oral contraceptives? - Caution to client's with
history of: blood clots, stroke, cardiac problems, breast or estrogen-related cancers, pregnancy, or
smoking (if over 35 years).
What medications decrease the effectiveness of combined oral contraceptives? - Those that effect liver
enzymes, such as anticonvulsants and some antibiotics.
What hormones make up the mini pill? - Progestins than provide the same action as combined oral
contraceptives.
Is ok to miss a dose of the mini pill? - No, a client CANNOT miss a pill.
How often is the mini pill take? - Should be take EVERY day at the SAME time. Another form of birth
control may need to be utilized during the first month of use to prevent pregnancy.
, Advantages of the mini pill? - Fewer side effects when compared with a combined oral contraceptive.
Considered safe to take while breastfeeding.
Disadvantages of the mini pill? - Less effective in suppressing ovulation than combined oral
contraceptives. Increases occurrence of ovarian cysts. Does not protect against STIs. Users frequently
report breakthrough, irregular, vaginal bleeding, and decreased libido. Increases appetite.
What medications decrease the effectiveness of the mini pill? - Those that effect liver enzymes, such as
anticonvulsants and some antibiotics.
What is emergency oral contraceptive used for? - Morning after pill that prevents fertilization from
taking place. High dose of estrogen and progestin.
When is the emergency oral contraceptive taken? - Pill is take within 72 hours after unprotected coitus.
What will a provider recommend be taken prior to emergency oral contraceptive? - An antiemetic to be
taken 1 hour prior to each dose to counteract the side effects of nausea that can occur with high doses
of estrogen and progestin.
Advantages of emergency oral contraceptive? - Pill not taken on a regular basis. Can be obtained
without a prescription by women 15 years and older.
Disadvantages of emergency oral contraceptive? - Nausea, heavier than normal menstrual bleeding,
lower abdominal pain, fatigue, and headache. Does not provide long-term contraception. Does not
terminate an established pregnancy. Does not protect against STIs.
What risks/possible complications exist with combined oral contraceptives? - Contraindicated if client is
pregnant or has undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding. If menstruation does not start within 1 week of
expected date, a client may be pregnant.
What hormones are used in a transdermal contraceptive patch? - Contains norelgestromin
(progesterone) and ethinyl estradiol, which is delivered at continuous levels through the skin into
subcutaneous tissue.
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