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BCBA TERMS/434 Questions and Verified Answers/100% Accurate
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BCBA TERMS/434 Questions andVerified Answers/100% Accurate
lawfulness of behavior - -behavior is determined by specific
conditions/variables
-empiricism - -objective observation of the phenomena of interest
based on thorough description, systematic and repeated measurement
and precise quantification of the phenomena of interest.
-experimental analysis - -manipulate IV to observe changes DV
-parsimony - -all simple logical explanations for phenomenon under
investigation must be ruled out before more complex explanations are
considered (choose the simplest explanation that requires the fewest
assumptions)
-explain determinism as it relates to behavior analysis - -in behavior
analysis there is an assumption that behavior is lawfuland determined
based upon specific conditions/variables
-what is the difference between mentalistic and environmental
explanations of behavior? - -mentalistic is internal (thoughts feelings)
environmental is external
-what is experimental analysis of behavior? - -the field of scientific
investigation concerned with analysis of operant behavior
-What is applied behavior analysis? - -science in which the tactics
derived from the principles of behavior are applied to improve socially
significant behavior and experimentation is used to identify the
variables responsible for the improvement in the behavior
-what are behavioral technologies? - -clearly defined operative
procedures that may be replicated by others based upon their
descriptions
-explain behavior in behavior analytic terms. - -A-B-C three term
contingency
-Baer, Wolf & Risley 1968 - what are the dimensions of applied behavior
analysis? - -Applied - socially significant
Behavior- relevant (needs improvement), measureable, and whose
behavior
Analytic - functional relationships exist - control
-Behaviorism - -the philosophy of the science of behavior.
, -determinism - -the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all
phenomena occur as the result of other events
-experiment - -carefully conducted comparison of some dependent
variable under two or more conditions in which only one independent
variable at a time differs from conditions.
-explanatory fiction - -a fictitious variable that often is simply another
name for the observed behavior that contributes nothing to an
understanding of the variables responsible for developing or
maintaining the behavior.
-functional relation - -specific change in one event can reliably be
procedue by specific manipulations of another event (as in functional
analysis)
-hypothetical construct - -presumed but unobserved entities that could
not be manipulated in an experiment
-mentalism - -an approach to the study of behavior which assumes that
a mental or inner dimension exists that differs from a behavioral
dimension.
-methodological behaviorism - -a philosophical position that views
behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm
of science
-philosophic doubt - -continued questioning of the truthfulness of what
is regarded as fact (maybe the world isn't flat) - willingness to set aside
most cherished beliefts to replace them with new knowledge.
-radical behaviorism - -a thoroughgoing for of behaviorism that
attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events
such as thoughts or feelings, in terms of controlling variables in the
history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phylogeny)
-replication - -repeating of experiments (and/or repeating of
independent variable conditions within experiments)
-science - -A systematic approach for seeking and organizing
knowledge about the natural world - to achieve a thorough
understanding of the phenomena under study
-descriptive knowledge - -collection of facts about the observed events
that can be quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations.
(as in basic observation)
-prediction - -repeated observations reveal that two events consistently
covary with each other (correlation) (as in repeated FBA observation)
, -control - -the highest level of scientific understanding with the
existence of functional relations
-respondent behavior - -reflexive behavior- involuntary behavior elicited
immediately by a stimulus (light constricts pupils)
-operant behavior - -behavior that is influenced by stimulus changes
that have occured in the past
-automaticity of reinforcement - -...behavior is modified by it's
consequences regardless of whether the individual is aware she is being
reinforced
-aversive stimulus - -stimulus conditions whose termination function as
reinforcement
-behavior - -used in reference to a set of responses that share
topographical dimensions or functions - the activity of living organisms
and the organism's interaction with the environment
-behavior change tactic - -a technologically consistent method for
changing behavior that has been derived from one or more basic
principles of behavior
-conditioned punisher - -stimulus events or conditions that are present
or that occur just before or simultaneous with the occurrence of other
punishers
-conditioned reflex - -the product of a respondent conditioning: stimulus
stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with
an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus becomes a
conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response
-conditioned reinforcer - -stimulus that have been paired with other
reinforcers
-antecedent - -stuff that exist or occur prior to behavior of interest
-conditioned stimulus - -in classical conditioning, an originally irrelevant
stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes
to trigger a conditioned response
-consequence - -stimulus changes that follow a behavior of interest
-contingency - -refers to dependent and/or temporal relations between
operant behavior and its controlling variables
-contingent - -reinforcement or punishment that is delivered only after
the target behavior has occurred
, -deprivation - -the state of an organism with respect to how much time
has elapsed since it has consumed or contacted a particular type of
reinforcer. It also refers to a procedure used for increasing the
effectiveness of a reinforcer (withholding access for a specified period of
time prior to a session)
-discriminated operant - -a behavior that occurs more frequently under
some antecedent conditions than others
-discriminative stimulus (SD) - -a stimulus in the presence of which
responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of
which the same type of responses have occurred and not been
reinforced.
-environment - -the conglomerate of real circumstances in which the
organism or reference part of the organism exists.
-extinction - -the discontinuing of a previously reinforced behavior - the
primary effect is a decrease in the frequency of behavior until it reaches
a pre-reinforced level or ultimately ceases to occur.
-habituation - -a decrease in responsiveness to repeated presentations
of a stimulus - most often used to describe a reduction of respondent
behavior as a function of repeated presentation of the eliciting stimulus
over a short span of time
-higher order conditioning - -development of a conditioned reflex by
pairing of a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus - also called
secondary conditioning
-history of reinforcement - -an inclusive term referring in general to all
of a person's learning experiences and more specifically to past
conditioning with respect to particular response classes or aspects of a
person's repertoire
-motivating operation - -An environmental variable that A) alters
(increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of
some stimulus, object or event and B) alters (increases or decreases)
the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or
punished by that stimulus, object or event.
-negative reinforcement - -The frequency of a behavior increases
because past responses have resulted in the withdrawal or termination
of a stimulus
-neutral stimulus - -A stimulus change that does not elicit respondent
behavior
-ontogeny - -the history of a development of an individual organism
during it's lifetime
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