Regents Exam Review Questions & Answers 2023/2024
What do living organisms carry out? - ANSWER-life functions
What are the smallest units of life? - ANSWER-cells
Metabolism - ANSWER-All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism
synthesis - ANSWER-building large molecules...
Regents Exam Review Questions & Answers 2023/2024
What do living organisms carry out? - ANSWER-life functions
What are the smallest units of life? - ANSWER-cells
Metabolism - ANSWER-All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism
synthesis - ANSWER-building large molecules from smaller ones
example of synthesis - ANSWER-glucose and starch
respiration - ANSWER-breaking down nutrients to release energy from them
Charcteristics of life - ANSWER-movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, excretion
homeostasis - ANSWER-process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
What is not a necessary life function? - ANSWER-reproduction
How can living things pass on hereditary information? - ANSWER-through reproduction
What are living things made of? - ANSWER-organic and inorganic compounds
organic compounds - ANSWER-compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen inorganic compounds - ANSWER-Compounds that do not contain carbon and hydrogen together
living things in order of least complex to most - ANSWER-organelles
cells
tissues
organs
organ system
organism
what do cells have that preform specific functions? - ANSWER-organelles
cytoplasm - ANSWER-A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
-where chemical reactions take place
nucleus - ANSWER--Control center of the cell
-contains DNA
What does DNA have the coded instructions for? - ANSWER-protein synthesis
vacuoles - ANSWER-Stores food, water, wastes, and other materials
ribosomes - ANSWER-site of protein synthesis
mitochondria - ANSWER-site of cellular respiration
-release energy in the form of ATP
chloroplasts - ANSWER-Site of photosynthesis
ONLY IN PLANT CELLS cell membrane - ANSWER-made up of proteins and lipids
-regulates what enters and leaves the cell
diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from an area of HIGHER concentration to an area of LOWER
concentration.
osmosis - ANSWER-diffusion of water
Does diffusion require energy? - ANSWER-No, it is a passive process
Does active transport require energy? - ANSWER-Yes, ATP
why do cells in saltwater shrink? - ANSWER-water will leave the cell due to osmosis
what happens to cells in saltwater? - ANSWER-Cytoplasm loses water & shrinks
what happens to cells in distilled water? - ANSWER-they will swell
why do cells in distilled water swell? - ANSWER-water will enter the cell due to osmosis
active transport - ANSWER-molecules moving from LOWER concentration to HIGHER concentration
what are the building blocks of carbohydrates? - ANSWER-Monosaccharides or simple sugars
What are the building blocks of proteins? - ANSWER-amino acids
What type of shape do proteins have? - ANSWER-a specific shape
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? - ANSWER-nucleotides
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