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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions With Answers
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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions WithAnswers
How was historical use of sulfa chemicals contributed to the advancement of
pharmacology?
a) Weaponized poisons at higher doses were found to have therapeutic effects
b) Use of sulfa drugs lead to development of first synthetic antibacterial compounds
c) Historical use of natural compounds at ultra low doses resulted in therapeutic effects
d) Extraction of chemical compounds from man-made poisons that resulted in large-scale
human epidemics led to the discovery of drugs still used today - Answer b) Use of sulfa
drugs lead to development of first synthetic antibacterial compounds
Which historical drug listed is still commonly used therapeutically today?
a) Ma Huang
b) LSD
c) Morphine
d) Curare - Answer c) Morphine
Phase 3 clinical trials can employ a placebo. Which one of the statment most accurately
describes a placebo?
a) A placebo is defined as an inert substacne masquerading as a drug
b) Placebo therapy provides satisfactory relief in approximately 55% of sick anxious
patients
c) Likelihood of placebo effects is greater in normal volunteers than in sick anxious
patients under stress
d) Placebo responses are well understood and thus need not be controlled in a phase 3
study - Answer a) A placebo is defined as an inert substacne masquerading as a drug
,The sound and long established way to prove or disprove the value of a new medication
or treatment is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). This means that:
a) Patients are selected and assigned to various test groups based on their
characteristics
b) All patients receive the new drug or the control drug (gold-standard or placebo) on
alternating days
c) The people who administer the drugs don't know who's receiving the drug
d) Outcomes measured should preferably be subjective - Answer c) The people who
administer the drugs don't know who's receiving the drug
Drug A only relieves pain of mild intensity. Drug B relieves pain of very marked intensity.
From this information, one concludes that:
a) Drug A has greater efficacy than Drug B
b) Drug B has greater efficacy than Drug A
c) Drug A is more potent than Drug B
d) Drug B is more potent than Drug A - Answer b) Drug B has greater efficacy than Drug A
The therapeutic range is best described as?
a) Maximum pharmacological response produced by a specific drug in that biological
system
b) The dose or concentration of a drug required to produce a response of a certain
magnitude usually 50% of the maximal response for that drug
c) The dose that is appropriate to treat most individuals
d) The range of blood ceoncentration where the drug is effective but toxicities usually
don't occur - Answer d) The range of blood ceoncentration where the drug is effective but
toxicities usually don't occur
Ultra-short action of thiopental is due to:
a) Redistribution of the drug from the brain to muscle and fat
b) Rapid breakdown in liver
,c) Poor penetration into brain
d) Rapid excretrion by kidney - Answer a) Redistribution of the drug from the brain to
muscle and fat
A drug can be given to a patient intravenously AND orally. What should be considered
when selecting hte most appropriate dosage for the patient's situation?
a) Pharmacokinetics would be the exact same because it's the same drug
b) The same dose of the drug needs to be provided but IV administration is preferable
because it's more reliable
c) Differences in bioavailability need to be carefully considered
d) More IV drugs need to be given as onset of action is slower - Answer c) Differences in
bioavailability need to be carefully considered
Penicillin has the ability to combine with proteins to form antigens, and a small
percentage of the population receiving penicillin experience adverse effects. This adverse
effect is properly classified as:
a) Extension of therapeutic effect
b) Teratogenesis
c) Drug allergy
d) Drug addiction - Answer c) Drug allergy
The TD50 of a drug in rats is 50mg/kg. The ED50 of the same drug in rats is 1mg/kg. From
this information, the therapeutic index of the drug in rats is...
a) 0.02
b) 50
c) 49
d) 51 - Answer b) 50
The primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is
a) Glutamate
, b) Dopamine
c) Norepinephrine
d) GABA - Answer a) Glutamate
Which statement is most accurate about chemical transmission?
a) Chemical transmitters have specific binding sites on the cell membrane called
retinoids
b) Chemical transmission is terminated by diffusion of transmitter out of synaptic cleft
c) Chemical transmission is slow and takes several minutes
d) Most synaptic transmission is chemically mediated - Answer d) Most synaptic
transmission is chemically mediated
Tolerance is best described as...
a) A state in which repeated administration of a given dose of drug has progressively
lower pharmacological response
b) Emotional and mental preoccupation with a drug's effect and a craving for the drug
c) An abnormal state produced by repeated administration of a drug that leads to the
appearance of a withdrawal syndrome when the drug is stopped
d) The pleasurable effects produced by a drug reinforcing its use - Answer a) A state in
which repeated administration of a given dose of drug has progressively lower
pharmacological response
Which class of drugs is thought to result in addiction but not withdrawal?
a) Ethanol
b) Opiates
c) Hallucinogens
d) Cannabis - Answer c) Hallucinogens
Administration of amphetamines will result in which one of these physiological effects?
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