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Personality 9th Edition by Jerry M. Burger - Test Bank
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, Chapter 1What Is Personality?
1. When we look closely at the reactions of people to the same situation, we see
A. evidence that most people behave in typical ways.
B. that people are more alike than they are different.
C. each individual’s personality is overwhelmed by the demands of the situation.
D. that characteristic differences between people begin to emerge.
ANS: D REF: 2
2. The more closely we look at the characteristic ways people deal with emotional situations,
the more we
A. begin to see how people are much the same.
B. see that people are not alike.
C. how each individual’s responses are overwhelmed by the demands of the situation.
D. understand where the personality comes from.
ANS: B REF: 2
3. Which of the following statements is an axiom that best reflects the personality
psychologist’s point of view?
A. “People are the same the world over.”
B. “Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else’s opinions, their
passions a quotation.”
C. “There are few differences between people, but what differences there are, really matter.”
D. “Life is like a box of chocolates: you never know what you’ll get.”
ANS: C REF: 3
4. Which of the following statements best describes the study of personality?
A. Personality psychologists are interested in how people react to different situations.
B. Personality psychologists now recognize that early explanations of personality, such as
Freud's psychoanalytic theory, are incorrect.
C. Personality psychologists are interested in consistent behavior patterns and
intrapersonal processes originating within the individual.
D. Personality psychologists are interested in the consistent behavior patterns caused either
by something about the person or by placing the person in the same situation.
ANS: C REF: 4 WWW
5. Which of the following questions would a personality psychologist ask?
A. Why are certain types of people prone to depression?
, B. Why are some people introverted, whereas others are outgoing ?
C. Can we predict job satisfaction in employees?
D. All of the above
ANS: D REF: 3
6. When personality researchers use the term individual differences they are referring to
A. the different behavior patterns individuals display across time.
B. the interpersonal processes that originate within the individual.
C. the consistent behavior patterns that individuals display across situations.
D. fluctuations in behavior patterns for individual situations.
ANS: C REF: 4
7. Consistent behavior patterns that people display in many different situations are
A. very difficult to identify.
B. often called individual differences by personality psychologists.
C. predictive of personality traits.
D. likely to be found in depressed personalities.
ANS: B REF: 4 WWW
8. Although Sally is well behaved and polite at home, she can be really mean to the other
children at school. Psychologists who adhere to the trait approach to personality would say
Sally’s behavior
A. can be identified along a continuum of personality characteristics.
B. is the result of unconscious mental activity.
C. results from conditioning and expectations.
D. is a reaction to changing feelings of self-acceptance.
ANS: A REF: 5
9. A psychologist explains a woman's fear of snakes in terms of her unconscious fear of her
father. This psychologist is using which approach to personality?
A. Psychoanalytic
B. Trait
C. Humanistic
D. Behavioral/social learning
ANS: A REF: 5
, 10. Sarah’s mother receives a call from her daughter’s teacher telling her she that Sarah has
been misbehaving. According to the psychoanalytic approach, her daughter’s misbehavior
A. results from a poorly formed self-concept.
B. is a reaction to her parent’s expectations.
C. is the result of unconscious mental activity.
D. results from conditioning processes.
ANS: C REF: 5
11. The approach to personality that explains aggressive behavior as unconscious impulses
turned outward on other people is the
A. psychoanalytic approach.
B. trait approach.
C. behavioral/social learning approach.
D. cognitive approach.
ANS: A REF: 5
12. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship among the six approaches
to understanding personality?
A. Only one of the approaches is probably correct.
B. The six approaches complement one another and differ primarily in their focus.
C. Although the six approaches occasionally vary only in emphasis, two or more
approaches provide incompatible explanations.
D. Because each of the approaches is comprehensive, personality psychologists need to
align themselves with only one approach.
ANS: C REF: 5 WWW
13. A personality psychologist who focuses on the stable patterns of aggressive behavior in
schoolchildren that may be related to genetic predispositions follows the
A. psychoanalytic approach.
B. biological approach.
C. humanistic approach.
D. behavioral/social learning approach.
ANS: B REF: 7
14. A psychologist attributes a boy's poor social skills to his lack of contact with children who
model appropriate behavior. The psychologist is using which approach to personality?
A. Humanistic
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