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WGU D115 Unit 5
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WGU D115 Unit 5Which two processes are involved in platelet activation?
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inactivation
Aggregation
Adhesion - -Platelet activation involves three linked processes: (1) adhesion,
(2) activation, and (3) aggregation. Platelet activation stimuli include
epinephrine, thrombin, and collagen.
-Select four common causes of anemia from the list below.
Increased red cell destruction
Chronic blood loss
Severe bleeding
Impaired erythrocyte production
Blood transfusion - -Impaired production of erythrocytes, increased red cell
destruction, severe bleeding, and chronic blood loss can cause anemia.
-explain why the nurse practitioner should ask the patient about her
paresthesias and ataxia. - -Without the presence of intrinsic factor, vitamin
B12 will not be absorbed effectively from the gastrointestinal tract.
-Describe what causes pernicious anemia. - -Pernicious anemia is caused by
vitamin B12 deficiency, which is often associated with the end stage of type
A chronic atrophic (autoimmune) gastritis. Autoimmune gastritis impairs the
production of IF, which is required for vitamin B12 uptake from the gut.
-Select three possible causes of lymphadenopathy from the options below.
Inflammatory condition
Lipid storage disease
Neoplastic disease
Cardiac disease
Peripheral vascular dysfunction - -There are multiple causes of
lymphadenopathy. It may be caused by neoplastic disease, so all
lymphadenopathies must be closely followed and evaluated.
Lymphadenopathy may also be caused by an immunologic or inflammatory
condition and by lipid storage disease; this type of lymphadenopathy is
usually widespread, including the liver and spleen.
-What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children
during the first few years of life?
Dietary insufficiencies
Absorption problems
Blood loss
Increased iron requirement - -Insufficient dietary iron is the most common
cause of IDA in children during the first few years of life.
, -Which stressor triggers sickling?
Increased plasma volume
Increased oxygen tension of the blood
Decreased plasma osmolality
Low temperature - -Low temperature causes vasoconstriction, slowing blood
flow, leading to RBC deoxygenation, which triggers sickling.
-cause of ITP - -In 70% of ITP cases, there is an antecedent viral disease
that stimulates production of antiplatelet antibodies that bind to the plasma
membranes of platelets, causing platelet sequestration and destruction by
phagocytes in the spleen and other lymphoid tissues at a rate that exceeds
the ability of the bone marrow to produce them.
-What is the likelihood that the patient will recover? with ITP - -The
prognosis is excellent; 75% of children recover completely within three
months. By six months after onset, 80% of affected children have regained
normal platelet counts.
-What is a function of the pericardial sac?
It provides protection to heart valves and heart chambers.
It provides a physical barrier that protects the heart against infection and
inflammation.
It forms a lining that is continuous with the arteries, veins, and capillaries of
the body.
It creates a continuous closed circulatory system. - -The pericardial sac
provides a physical barrier that protects the heart against infection and
inflammation. It also protects the heart during gravitational acceleration and
deceleration.
-Which factors determine cardiac output?
Parasympathetic and sympathetic activity
Heart rate and stroke volume
Right and left atrial pressure
Preload and afterload
Previousquestion - -Cardiac output is the product of heart rate multiplied by
stroke volume.
-Which three enzymes are released when the myocardial muscle is
damaged?
Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH)
Creatine phosphokinase-myocardial band (CPK-MB)
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI)
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) - -Creatine phosphokinase-myocardial
band (CPK-MB) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) are biomarkers released
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