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Essential Cosmic Perspective 7th Edition By Bennett - Test Bank
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,MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1) The farthest bright galaxies that modern telescopes are capable of seeing are up to 1)
A) 1 million light years away.
B) 10 million light years away.
C) 1 trillion light years away.
D) 1 billion light years away.
E) 10 billion light years away.
2) Suppose we imagine the Sun to be about the size of a grapefruit. How big an area would the orbits 2)
of the eight planets of the Solar System cover?
A) the size of a small city
B) the size of a western state (e.g., Colorado)
C) the size of a typical dorm room
D) the size of a typical campus building
E) the size of a typical campus
3) Earth is made mostly of metals and rocks. Where did this material come from? 3)
A) It was made by nuclear fission of uranium and other radioactive materials.
B) It was created by chemical reactions in interstellar space.
C) It was produced in the Big Bang.
D) It was produced by nuclear fusion in stars.
E) It was made by our Sun.
4) What is nuclear fusion? 4)
A) the process of splitting nuclei to produce energy
B) the process of turning matter into pure energy
C) an explosion caused by putting together two volatile chemicals
D) a process that only occurs in bombs
E) the process of combining lightweight nuclei to make heavier nuclei
5) Which of the following statements does not use the term light-year in an appropriate way? 5)
A) A light-year is about 10 trillion kilometers.
B) It's about 4 light-years from here to Alpha Centauri.
C) It will take the Voyager spacecraft about 20,000 years to travel just 1 light-year.
D) The Milky Way Galaxy is about 100,000 light-years in diameter.
E) It will take me light-years to complete this homework assignment.
6) Light takes approximately one second to travel from the Earth to the Moon. This means that the 6)
Moon is approximately
A) twice the distance from the Earth to the Sun.
B) 1 light year from the Earth.
C) 1 astronomical unit from the Earth.
D) 3,000 kilometers from the Earth.
E) 300,000 kilometers from the Earth.
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, 7) One light-hour is the distance that light travels in an hour. How far is this, in kilometers? (Recall 7)
that the speed of light is 300,000 km/s.)
A) 1.08 billion km
B) 9.46 trillion km
C) 100 million km
D) 300,000 km
E) 18 million km
8) Suppose we look at a photograph of many galaxies. Assuming that all galaxies formed at the same 8)
time after the Big Bang, which galaxy appears to us as the youngest?
A) the galaxy that is closest to us
B) the galaxy that appears bluest to us
C) the galaxy that appears largest to us
D) the galaxy that is furthest from us
E) All galaxies would appear to have the same age.
9) Suppose we imagine the Sun to be about the size of a grapefruit (about 10 cm across). Which of the 9)
following describes the size and distance of Earth on the same scale?
A) Earth is the size of a point about 1 meter away from the Sun.
B) Earth is the size of a point about 15 meters away from the Sun.
C) Earth is the size of a marble about 25 miles away from the Sun.
D) Earth is the size of a golf ball about 1 meter away from the Sun.
E) Earth is the size of a golf ball about 15 meters away from the Sun.
10) Which of the following correctly describes the concept of galactic recycling? 10)
A) In the formation of a star, no matter is wasted as all excess material ends up recycled into
planets.
B) New stars are continuously being formed in the Milky Way out of gas that has been ejected
from a previous generation of stars.
C) Stars near the center of the Milky Way are continually recycled to the outskirts of the disk by
their orbital motion.
D) New galaxies are continuously being formed out of gas ejected from a previous generation of
galaxies.
E) Life is continuously being spread from star to star in the Milky Way.
11) What is the Sun mainly made of? 11)
A) nearly equal portions of all the elements
B) oxygen and carbon
C) hydrogen and helium
D) carbon and nitrogen
E) hydrogen and oxygen
12) Which of the following is smallest? 12)
A) 1 AU B) size of a typical star
C) 1 light-second D) size of a typical planet
13) Which of the following is largest? 13)
A) distance to the nearest star (other than our Sun)
B) size of Pluto's orbit
C) size of a typical galaxy
D) 1 light-year
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, 14) On the 1-to-10-billion scale, about how far is it to the nearest stars besides the Sun? 14)
A) 10,000 kilometers
B) 400 kilometers
C) 1,000 kilometers
D) 4,400 kilometers
E) 4 kilometers
15) Suppose we imagine the Sun to be about the size of a grapefruit (about 10 cm across). How far 15)
away are the nearest stars (the three stars of Alpha Centauri)?
A) the length of a football field
B) 2.5 miles
C) 2,500 miles
D) 25,000 miles
E) 250 miles
16) If we use 1 millimeter to represent 1 light-year, how large in diameter is the Milky Way Galaxy? 16)
A) 100 millimeters
B) 100 meters
C) 100 kilometers
D) 1 kilometer
E) 1 million millimeters
17) Which of the following best describes the Milky Way Galaxy? 17)
A) a spiral galaxy with a disk about 100,000 light-years in diameter and containing about
100,000 stars
B) a spiral galaxy with a disk about 100,000 light-years in diameter and containing between 100
billion and 1 trillion stars
C) a spiral galaxy with a disk about a billion kilometers in diameter and containing between 100
million and 1 billion stars
D) a spherically shaped collection of stars including our solar system and about a dozen other
solar systems, stretching about 4 light-years in diameter
E) a spherically shaped collection of about 1 million stars that is about 100 light-years in
diameter
18) How many galaxies are there in the observable universe? 18)
A) about as many as the number of grains of sand on all the beaches on Earth
B) roughly (within a factor of 10) the same as the number of stars in our galaxy
C) infinity
D) roughly a thousand times more than the number of stars in our galaxy
E) about as many as the number of stars we see in the sky with our naked eyes
19) On the scale of the cosmic calendar, in which the history of the universe is compressed to 1 year, 19)
how long has human civilization (i.e., since ancient Egypt) existed?
A) a few hours
B) less than a millionth of a second
C) about a month
D) a few seconds
E) about half the year
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