This document contains summaries of various mathematical concepts. It is mainly focused on Grade7, but applicable throughout High School.
Content summarised: Mathematical Vocabulary, Geometry of 2D Shapes, Geometry of straight lines, Whole numbers, Exponents and Constructions.
Math Vocabulary
set of positive whole numbers from 1 to
Natural numbers N= {1; 2; 3; 4; …}
infinity.
set of positive whole numbers from 0 to
Whole numbers N0= {0; 1; 2; 3; …}
infinity.
whole numbers that can be positive,
Integers Z= {-2; -1; 0; 1; 2; …}
negative, or zero.
a number that is expressed as the ratio of
1
Rational numbers two integers, where the denominator Q= {5%; 0,05; ; -8; …}
20
should not be equal to zero.
a whole number greater than 1 whose only
Prime numbers {2; 3; 5; 7; 11; 13; …}
factors are 1 and itself.
Composite numbers numbers that have more than two factors. {4; 6; 8; 9; 10; …}
when a number can be multiplied by itself.
Square numbers {1; 4; 9; 16; …}
symbol for squared is 2
square root of a number is a value, which
√25 = 5
Square roots on multiplication by itself, gives the
original number. √36 = 6
found when we multiply a number by itself
Cube numbers {1; 8; 27; 64; …}
and then itself again. symbol for cubed is 3
a number which is multiplied 3 times to get 3
Cube roots √8 = 2
the original number.
a number that divides another number or
Factor F10= {1; 2; 5; 10}
expression evenly with no remainder.
the numbers you get when you multiply a
Multiple M10= {10; 20; 30; …}
certain number by an integer (times table).
any mathematical process that takes a
bunch of numbers as its input and produces
Operations 53+3×2-√36÷3=
an output.
+; -; ×; ÷; exponents; square root; etc.
the operation that reverses the effect of
Inverse Operation +5 and -5; ×5 and ÷5; 52 and √25
another operation.
when two or more numbers have been
added together. 5+7= 12
Sum
Order does not matter. 7+5= 12
Addition +
when two or more numbers have been
subtracted. 7-5= 2
Difference
Order does matter. 5-7= -2
Subtraction -
the result of two or more numbers when
multiplied together. 5×3= 15
Product
Order does not matter. 3×5= 15
Multiplication ×
a quotient is a quantity produced by the
division of two numbers. 10÷2= 5
Quotient 2 1
Order does matter. 2÷10= 0,2 or or
10 5
Division ÷
Identify elements for addition + identity element for addition and 5-0= 5
subtraction subtraction is 0. 5+0= 5
Identify elements for multiplication + identity element for multiplication and 8×1= 8
division division is 1. 8÷1= 8
FIRST
LA
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