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WGU C191 Operating systems for programmers, Full Exam Review, Graded A+
WGU C191 Operating systems for programmers, Full Exam Review, Graded A+
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WGU C191 Operating systems for programmers , Full Exam Revi ew, Graded A+ Control Program manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer computer system A four -part system consisting of hardware, software, data, and people that performs four basic actions: input, output, processing, and storage. Kernal The part of the operating system that is running at all times on a computer. Middleware Several different types of software that sit between and provide connectivity for two or more software applications Direct Memory Access (DMA) When a device controller transfers an entire block of data from its own buffer storage to memory without CPU intervention Multiprocessor Systems Systems with 2 or more processors in close communication. Three main advantages: 1. Increased throughput 2. Economy of Scale 3. Increas ed reliability graceful degradation Ability to continue providing service proportional to the level of surviving hardware Fault -tolerant systems system that can suffer a failure of any single component and still continue to operate. Asymmetric Multiprocess ing each processor is assigned a specific task Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) each processor is self -scheduling, all processes in common ready queue, or each has its own private queue of ready processes Clustered System A system that shares storage and are closely linked via a local -area network or a faster interconnect. Usually use d to provide high -availability service. Multiprogramming The technique of keeping multiple programs in main memory at the same time, competing for the CPU so the CPU always has one to execute. job pool all processes residing on disk awaiting allocation of main memory Time sharing (or multitasking) A system in which the CPU executes multiple jobs by switching among them so frequently that the users can interact with each program while it is running. process A program loaded in memory swapping The process of moving data from one running application ou t of RAM and into virtual memory. Virtual Memory separation of user logical memory from physical memory. Allows address spaces to be shard by several processes. Trap or Exception software -generated interrupt caused either by an error or by a specific reque st from a user program that an operating system service be performed. shared memory Two or more processes read and write to a shared section of memory message passing Packets of information in predefined formats are moved between processes by the operating system command interpreter Allows users to directly enter commands to be performed by the operating system shells another term for command interpreters when the system has more than one to choose from.The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
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