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IBCLC EXAM - BREAST ANATOMY VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%2023/2024
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IBCLC EXAM - BREAST ANATOMY VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%2023/2024
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IBCLC EXAM - BREAST ANATOMY VERIFIED ANSWERS 100%2023/2024Gigantomastia - correct answer Extreme growth of the breasts in pregnancy. Very rare. Potential hormonal cause.
Milk Ejection Reflex - correct answer Causes contraction of the myoepithelial cells. Requires oxytocin.
Lactocytes - correct answer Specialized epithelial cells that line the interior of the alveolus. Absorb nutrients, immunoglobulin and hormones from the blood to compose milk.
Serum Placental Lactogen - correct answer Aids in areolar growth.
Oxytocin - correct answer Secreted from posterior pituitary. Responsible for milk ejection. Rises in a pulse pattern within 1 minute of sucking and returns to baseline in 6 minutes. Contracts the uterus. Inhibited by pain, fear, stress, fatigue, alcohol and induction of labor.
Prolactin - correct answer Secreted from anterior pituitary. Responsible for milk production. Aids in nipple growth. Pregnancy levels 10-20ng; lacation levels 200-400ng.
Progesterone - correct answer Placental expulsion causes dramatic drop. Elevation inhibits prolactin. Causes glandular tissue to expand and the growth of lobules, lobes and alveoli.
Estrogen - correct answer Stimulates duct growth.
Tail of Spence - correct answer Mammary gland tissue that projects into the axillary region.
Stroma - correct answer Supporting tissues of the breast. Includes connective tissue, fat, blood vessels, nerves and ligaments.
Lobes - correct answer Clusters of lobules filled with alveoli. The breast contains 15-25 of these. Polythelia - correct answer Extra nipples
Polymastia - correct answer Extra breast tissue
Hyperthelia - correct answer A nipple with no mammary tissue
Hypoplasia - correct answer Insufficient glandular tissue
Common Nipple - correct answer Protrudes slightly when at rest and becomes erect when stimulated
Mammary Gland Development Cycle - correct answer 1. Mammogenesis
2. Lactogenesis
3. Galactopoiesis
4. Involution
Milk Synthesis - correct answer Occurs in lactocytes. Controlled independently by each breast. Ranges from 17-33 ml/hour.
Adipose Tissue - correct answer Tissue made of fat
Maternal Condition that Delay Lactogenesis - correct answer Primiparity, Maternal age >30, cesarean birth, long stage II labor, fluid load in labor, diabetes, epidural, obesity, PCOS, Ovarian cysts, placenta retention, Sheehan's Syndrome, stress, prolactin deficiency, breast surgery
Three Factors necessary for lactation - correct answer 1. oxytocin from posterior pituitary
2. milk removal
3. prolactin from anterior pituitary
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