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PLS2601 EXAM PACK 2023 FOR ANY QUERIES & EXAM HELP CONTACT: biwottcornelius@gmail.com
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PLS2601EXAM
PACK 2023
FOR ANY QUERIES & EXAM HELP CONTACT:
biwottcornelius@gmail.com
, Stuvia.com - The study-notes marketplace
PLS2601
Jan/Feb 2021
QUESTION 1: SHORT QUESTIONS:
Instructions for Question 1:
Write short answers for each question.
1.1. Define the “ad hominem fallacy”.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ (2)
1.2. What is a “bandwagon argument”?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ (2)
1.3. What is a “stipulative definition”?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ (2)
1.4. Define “argumentative writing”:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ (2)
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1.5. Explain the difference between “explanatory writing” and “instructive writing”:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ (4)
1.6. Using the following table, compare the “modus ponens” and “modus tollens” arguments:
Modus Ponens: Modus Tollens:
(4)
1.7 Consider the following text from the former US President Ronald Reagan’s 1961 speech
concerning “socialized medicine”:
“Once you establish the precedent that the government can determine a
man’s working place and his working methods, determine his employment,
from here it's a short step to all the rest of socialism -- to determining his
pay, and pretty soon your son won’t decide when he’s in school, where he
will go, or what they will do for a living. He will wait for the government to tell
him where he will go to work and what he will do”
(https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/ronaldreagansocializedmedi
cine.htm).
(a) Identify the fallacy evident in this text:
______________________________________________________________________ (2)
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(b) Provide a definition for the fallacy identified in (a) above.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ (2)
[20]
QUESTION 2: ARGUMENT EVALUATION:
Instructions for Question 2:
1. Evaluate the following arguments.
2. In your evaluation, state whether the argument is inductive or deductive, value or empirical, contains
a fallacy or not (stipulate which fallacy if it contains one) and whether it is valid/invalid or
sound/unsound.
3. Present your responses to all of the arguments in the form of the table below:
Argument 1:
P1: If Donald Trump is still named as President of the United States on his Twitter account,
then he must still be the American President.
P2: Donald Trump is not still named as President of the United States on his Twitter account.
C: Therefore, Donald Trump is not still the American President.
Argument 2:
P1: Bird watchers argue that this riverside area should not be developed because there is a
rare sort of bird in the vicinity, whose habitat could be destroyed.
P2: But building homes on this land would provide for new jobs.
P3: So many people’s lives have been impacted economically by the pandemic.
C: Hence, I don’t think that the bird people have an argument against development.
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