,Chapter 1: Scope of Microbiology and Infection Control
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Who is reported to have first observed microbes?
A. Pasteur
B. Koch
C. Lister
D. Leeuwenhoek
ANS: D
Feedback
A Pasteur made other important contributions to microbiology.
B Koch made other important contributions to microbiology.
C Lister made other important contributions to microbiology.
D Leeuwenhoek first observed microbes and called them “animalcules.”
REF: Discovery of Microorganisms and Infection Control Procedures, page 2
OBJ: 1
2. In which year were microbes first observed?
A. 1667
B. 1880
C. 1956
D. 1975
ANS: A
Feedback
A Leeuwenhoek first observed microbes and called them “animalcules” in 1667.
B This year is too recent.
C This year is too recent.
D This year is too recent.
REF: Discovery of Microorganisms and Infection Control Procedures, page 2
OBJ: 1
3. The process of heating a fluid to 63o C for 30 minutes to kill bacteria is best known as:
A. sterilization.
B. disinfection.
C. pasteurization.
D. decontamination.
ANS: C
Feedback
A Sterilization uses higher temperatures.
B Disinfection usually is related to the use of germicides on inanimate surfaces.
, C Pasteurization was first used to kill microbes in milk and other liquids and is still
used today.
D Decontamination is a general term for the removal or killing of microbes by a
variety of methods.
REF: Discovery of Microorganisms and Infection Control Procedures, page 3
OBJ: 2
4. When was the “Golden Age of Microbiology?”
A. Mid to late 1600s
B. Mid to late 1700s
C. Mid to late 1800s
D. Mid to late 1900s
ANS: C
Feedback
A This period was too early.
B This period was too early.
C This was the time when many new discoveries in microbiology were being
made.
D This period was too late.
REF: Discovery of Microorganisms and Infection Control Procedures, page 2
OBJ: 1
5. What microbes are used to make vinegar, vitamins, drain cleaners, enzymes, and other
products?
A. Fungi
B. Viruses
C. Protozoa
D. Bacteria
ANS: D
Feedback
A Fungi can make antibiotics but not these products.
B Viruses grow inside living cells and do not make such products.
C Protozoa are not very efficient in making such products.
D Bacteria make these and other products when they are grown in large vats.
REF: Important Activities of Microorganisms, page 3 OBJ: 3
6. Which microbes are used to make pickles out of cucumbers?
A. Bacteria or fungi
B. Fungi or viruses
C. Viruses or yeasts
D. Bacteria or viruses
ANS: A
, Feedback
A These microbes make certain extracellular products that change cucumbers into
pickles.
B Viruses do not produce products that affect cucumbers.
C Viruses do not produce products that affect cucumbers.
D Viruses do not produce products that affect cucumbers.
REF: Important Activities of Microorganisms, page 4 OBJ: 3
7. What microbe is used to make bread dough rise?
A. Bacteria
B. Yeasts
C. Viruses
D. Protozoa
ANS: B
Feedback
A Bacteria do not produce enough carbon dioxide (CO2) to make the dough rise.
B Yeasts metabolize carbohydrates to produce the gas bubbles of CO2; this process
causes the dough to rise.
C Viruses only grow inside of living cells and do not have a regular metabolism.
D Protozoa do not produce enough carbon dioxide (CO2) to make the dough rise.
REF: Important Activities of Microorganisms, page 4 OBJ: 3
COMPLETION
1. Louie Pasteur and John Tyndall first recognized the use of _____ to destroy bacteria and
resistant spores.
ANS: heat
REF: Discovery of Microorganisms and Infection Control Procedures, page 3
OBJ: 2
2. In 1915 it was discovered that bacteria can be infected with viruses called _____.
ANS: bacteriophages
REF: Discovery of Microorganisms and Infection Control Procedures, page 3
OBJ: 1
TRUE/FALSE
1. The disease of smallpox was involved in the discovery of immunizations in the 1790s by
Edward Jenner.
ANS: T
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