NURS 6541 Midterm Exam Review (Week 1-6)
Please fill in the information for the numbers that you were given.
*Definition
*Presenting symptoms
*Medications needed
*American Academy of Pediatric (AAP) and/or CDC recommendations
* 2 Review questions with answers and rationales (made up...
NURS 6541 Midterm Exam Review (Week 1-6)
Please fill in the information for the numbers that you were given.
*Definition
*Presenting symptoms
*Medications needed
*American Academy of Pediatric (AAP) and/or CDC recommendations
* 2 Review questions with answers and rationales (made up or from review books)
Week 1: Growth and Development
• 1. Safety with Car Seats – remain rear facing for as long as possible until
they reach weight or height of seat. https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-
aap/aap-press-room/Pages/AAP-Updates-Recommendations-on-Car-Seats-
for-Children.aspx
• 2. Vaccination Schedules and contraindications –
o Hepatitis B – 3 dose series
o Rotavirus – 2 dose series
o Diphtheria, tetanus, & acellular pertussis (DTaP) – 5 dose series
o Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB)
o Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13)
o Inactivated poliovirus (IPV)
o Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
o Varicella
o Hepatitis A
o Meningococcal
o Tetanus, diphtheria, & acellular pertussis (Tdap)
o Human papillomavirus (HPV)
o Meningococcal B
o Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23)
• 3. Child Abuse mandatory reporting – any reason to believe that there
is abuse or neglect, you do not have to have burden of proof,
• 4. Failure to thrive causes
o Childs environment (loss of emotional bond between parent and child,
poverty, problems with child-caregiver relationship, diet, exposure
to infections, parasites, or toxins, poor eating habits), abuse, neglect,
, genes such as Down syndrome, organ problems, hormone problems,
damage to the brain or CNS may cause feeding difficulties, heart or
lung problems, anemia, GI problems making it hard to absorb
nutrients or cause a lack of digestive enzymes, long-term infections,
metabolism problems,
• 5. Breastfed baby’s possible health problems
o Lowers risk of asthma or allergies
• 6. Normal birth weights and growth – birth to 6 months growth ½ - 1 inch a
month and gain 5-7 ounces a week. Double birth weight by 5 months
• 7. Normal reflexes in newborns
o Rooting – goes away at 4 months - check stroked head turns to that
side
o Suck – when roof of mouth touch baby starts to suck begins 32 weeks
and not fully developed until 36 weeks.
o Moro – goes away at 3-4 months – startled
o Step – goes away 2 months - appears to be taking steps
o Tonic neck – goes away 5-7 months old. head relaxed and laying
face up is moved to the side, the arm reaches away from body with
had partially open
o Grasp – goes away 5-6 months – stroke palm of hand and fingers
grasp
• 8. Language development issues
o Always check hearing
• 9. Fine motor skills
o
• 10. Signs of puberty
o Tanner stages
▪ 1 hair development, papilla above level of chest
▪ 2 sparse, long, pigmented, downy hair – hair seen along the
labia and base of penis, small mounds and increased
diameter
of the areolae, enlargement of Scutum and testes and change in
texture of scrotal skin
▪ 3 considerably darker, coarser, and curlier, hair is spread over
pubes, breast and areolae cont to enlarge, length of penis
some
circumference, and increase growth in testes and scrotum
▪ 4 hair is adult like but decreased in total quantity, areolae
and papillae elevate above breast, penis is larger in length
and circumference, further development of glans penis,
distinct
darkening of scrotal skin
, ▪ 5 hair is in triangle and down thighs, mature breast, genitals
are adult size
o
• 11. Piaget developmental stages
o Sensorimotor
o Preoperational
o Concrete
o formal
• 12. Normal vital signs for various age groups
o Infant (1-12mo)– RR 20-30 – HR 80-140
o Toddler (1-3 y.o) – RR 20-30 – HR 80-130
o Preschooler (3-5) – RR 20-30 – HR 80-120
o School Age (6-12) – RR 20-30 – HR 70-110
• 13. Congenital infection with cytomegalovirus, complications of prematurity
o Most common congenital viral infection
o IUGR, prematurity, microcephaly, jaundice, petechiae,
hepatosplenomegaly, periventricular calcifications,
chorioretinitits, pneumonitis, hepatitis, and sensorineural hearing
loss
• 14. Crawling (7-10 months), sitting (4-7 months without support 8 months),
rolling over (tummy to back early as 4 months – 5-6 months back to front),
walking milestones (9-12 months)
Week 2: Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers
• 15.Normal premature infant growth
o Define: There is no consensus regarding how the preterm infants
should be monitored (per AAP). Preterm infants should not match
growths of healthy full term babies. Preterm infants are classified
as postnatal growth restricted.
o AAP: Growth monitoring should be comprehensive same as full
term. This should include postnatal length, head circumference,
weight/length ratio, if possible fat/fatfree mass.
o Corrected age is used for development. Example: 1 year old who was
born 3 months early is corrected age of 9 months.
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