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ASU Bio 181 Exam 2B Questions Answered 100% correct
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Exam of 6 pages for the course asu bio 181 at asu bio 181 (ASU Bio 181 Exam 2B)
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ASU Bio 181 Exam 2Draw concentric circles and label the four layers of the gut. Also label the hole at the inner most circle. List what is in these four layers. - answer Lumen
Muscosa
Submucosa
Muscle Layer
Serosa
Write a few sentences to distinguish between digestion and absorption. - answer In Digestion, the body is breaking down food into smaller chunks. These smaller chunks are amino acids, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbs. Once at this level, absorption can begin. Absorption takes the nutrients into the body across the epithelial layer.
The esophagus has two distinct muscles that close off the tube. What are these called? - answer Circular and Longitudinal Muscles
If something is called a vitamin, it cannot be made by the organism and must be taken in as a part of diet. - answer True
Vitamin K cannot be made by the cells of your body. Where is it made? - answer Escherichia coli synthesizes vitamin k, which is then absorbed across the wall of the colon
Name the main enzyme in the stomach. - answer Pepsin
Think about feedback loops. What triggers the gall bladder to secrete bile? - answer The gallbladder is a small sack located under the rib cage on the right side of the abdomen that stores and releases bile. Based on a feedback loop, the gallbladder releases bile during a meal to help absorb fats by emulsifying the fat. A high-fat meal causes the release of more bile, and a low-fat meal causes less.
In what way is the making of a primary lysosome similar to the enzymes delivered by the pancreas? - answer Both are made by membrane bound polyribosomes
90% of absorption in the intestine occurs where? - answer jejunum and illeum of the small intestine.
When amino acids are acquired by food because your body can't make them they are called ___________________ ___________________ ___________________. - answer essential amino acids The digestive track begins with the ___________________ and the first enzyme added is ___________________. - answer mouth, amylase
List the layers of the digestive tract covered by a thick layer of mucous. - answer Only the cells of the mucosa have a thick layer of mucus
When glucose is taken in by the digestive tract and enters your blood, cells are triggered to take in the glucose by what mechanism? - answer Insulin and Insulin receptors
List the order in which storage compounds are utilized if there is no intake of food. - answer Glycogen and fat, then protein
Name the sphincter that separates the stomach from the small intestine. - answer Pyloric Sphincter
What is bile made from? And how does oatmeal reduce cholesterol levels? - answer Bile is made from cholesterol, and some kinds of fiber (like oatmeal) will bind with bile, allowing it to be eliminated instead of recycled. To produce more bile, the gallbladder would need to pull cholesterol from the circulatory system, thus lowering cholesterol levels.
How does the pancreas neutralize the pH of the chyme that comes from the stomach? - answer The pancreas produces a secretion rich in bicarbonate ions, which neutralize
the pH of the chyme from the stomach.
Adhering junctions are based on two different types of cytoskeleton filament systems. Name those systems. - answer Actin Filament Intermediate Filament
Epithelial cells serve as a barrier to prevent non-specific movement of chemicals from one side of the epithelium to the other side. - answer True
The molecular seal that serves as the barrier is called a _____________ _____________. While this is a good barrier, such barriers are not very strong and must
be underlined by _____________ _____________. - answer Tight Junctions, Adhering Junctions
Lymph nodes are a place where cells of the immune system accumulate and share information. - answer True
How does the lymph fluid return from the legs to the circulatory system? - answer Muscles in the legs contract, pushing the fluid. There are one-way valves that close to prevent the fluid from going back down the legs.
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