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Summary - Personality Psychology: Differences between People (FSWP1-023-A)
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Summary for Personality Psychology, based on the required reading for all the problems
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PERSONALITYPSYCHOLOGY
, Freud
tWO keY ASSUMPtiOnS
1 behavior is never accidental
.
motivational determinism psychologically determined by mental motivational
(AUSTS
2 . these causes are outside someone's complete consciousness/awareness
3 Mental PrUCISSIS
conscious we are instantly aware
preconscious we are not aware at the given moment but we can bring them
,
into awarenes) fairly easy
·
unconscious these mental activities are kept beyond awareness by a mechanism
of repression that works actively so that we are simply unable to raise them
,
into consciousness
·
Freud claimed that in dreams we can find the hidden fulfillment of a desire
that a person is trying to avoid experiencing consciously
free association the patient will say anything that comes to mind Without
,
ISOVING It
mental contents enter the unconscious for motivated reasons
it stores ideas that are so traumatic that they would otherwise cause
Psychological Pain
thoughts in the unconscious influence onquing conscious experiences
this would cause a slip of the tungue
·
,the road to self-acceptance was the honest recognition of one's instinctual sexuality
and aggressiveness
making the unconscious impulses conscious was the road to health
·
id the mental agency or psychic structure that contains everything inherited
the basis of personality
the foundation from which the 290 and supergr develop
·
TOs life or sexual instincts
id instincts are to seek reduction to lower the state of excitation
instinctual drives are biological and inburn but the Objects involved depend on earlier
,
experiences
thanatos death instincts
·
the unconscious human desire to return to the inanimate state /expressed in
·
destructive aggressive behavior
·
Pleasure principle the tendency towary immediate tension reduction regardless
,
of the consequences or 1091)
·
Primary process thinking to discharge tension the id forms an internal image of the
,
desired Obitit
·
because these mental images cannot reduce tension themselves the 190 develops
,
190 a direct ontgrowth of the id
in direct contact With the external world
its task is preservation of the organism So it's governed by considerations of
.
safTtY
·
reality principle this requires the 190 to test reality and to delay discharge
of tension until the appropriate Object and environmental conditions are found
the 190 operates between the world and id whitholding from impulses
,
, superego the agency that internalizes the influence of the curents and their
idea represents the morals and standards of society that have become part
of the internal world of the individual in the course of their personality
development
people with a well-developed superego resist had temptations
develops around the 999 of 3
Defense Mechanisms
these defense Mechanisms are carried out by the 190 to cope with the socially
unacceptable impulses of the id
1 denial .
-helpful when the traumatic situation cannot be altered
but it can prevent you from taking altion to alter the situation
2 . PUOJECTION
people defend against the recognition of their own negative qualities by projecting
it OntO Other PROPH
3 Isolation .
the thought impulse or act is denied the normal accompanying emotion
,
people who use this also often use undring
4 UNCOINY .
undres one act or wish with another
5. reaction information
the individual defends against expression of an unacceptable impulse by only recognizing
,
and expressing its opposite
6 Vationalization
.
people recognize the excistence of an action but they distort the underlying motive
the e90 constructs a rational motive to explain an unacceptable action caused by id
7 . Sublimation
the original object of gratification is replaced by a higher cultural goal that is far
removed from a direct expression of the instinct
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