Lecture notes - Cell And Molecular Biology (Electrons/electronegativity)
9 views 0 purchase
Course
Cell And Molecular Biology
Institution
Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU)
If you're studying a life science (e.g. - biomed, bioscience, physiology, sports science, sports physiology etc), then this detailed set of lecture notes on electrons, electronegativity and bonding will help you smash your first set of exams on cell/molecular biology!
These sets of notes will be...
Atoms and molecules
23/09/19
- Basic atomic theory (+ve protons, -ve elections and neutral neutrons)
- Proton number (defines element), neutron number (can change with isotopes), electrons
(=proton number in a neutral atom)
- Neutrons and protons are similar and are measured in Daltons (kilodaltons for larger mols.
E.g. proteins)
- Mostly GCSE and AS level stuff so just a recap
• Isotopes = atom with same proton number but different neutron number therefore differing
masses to other isotopes of same element
• Isotopes are uses as medical tracers e.g. PET (Position Emission Tomography)
• A lot of isotopes become radioactive so are used as radiotracers. Radiotracers are molecules
‘labelled with some radioactive material (from said isotope). This is detectable on a PET
scanner
• They accumulate around regions inflammation/tumours and bind to specific proteins.
• A commonly used radiotracer is F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) which is a molecule similar to
glucose. The radiotracer may be swallowed, inhaled or injected
• Because cancerous cells are more metabolically active than regular cells, they may absorb
glucose at a faster rate, therefore, FDG is effective due to its similar structure to glucose.
• This is result is seen on PET scanners and interoperate by doctors who can diagnose a patient.
• This is a basic example of how isotopes are effective in medicine.
- Atomic number = no. protons
- Mass number = mass relative to C-12
- 1st shell in an atom of an element has the lowest energy where as the 3rd shell etc. has the
highest energy.
- Outermost (valance) electrons are involved in reactions
- Mostly GCSE and AS level stuff so just a recap but the energy levels (s, p, d, f) weren’t covered
in the lecture so make sure you know it.
Bonding
Ionic:
- Electrostatic forces of attraction between opposite charges. Between metals and Non metals
- E.g. – NaCl (Na+ and Cl-) forms Ionic lattice and is water soluble
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jaz2. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.10. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
