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ANCC PMHNP BOARD EXAM review 2023
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ANCC PMHNP BOARD EXAM review2023
MOOD D/
MDD CRITERIA A - A. Five (or more) of the following symptoms have
been present during the same 2-week
period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one
of the symptoms
is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
Note: Do not include symptoms that are clearly attributable to another
medical condition.
1. Depressed mood daily…
2. Loss of pleasure of joy in activities/inerests
3. Significant weight loss/gain.
4. insomnia/hypersomnia.
5. fatigue or loss of energy daily
6. psychomotor retardationagitation
7. feelings of worthlessness or guilt
8. diminished ability to think/concentrate, indecisiveness
9. recurrent thoughts of death, SI, or SI attempt
MOOD D/O: MDD CRITERIA B-E - B. The symptoms cause clinically
significant distress or impairment in social, occupational,
or other important areas of functioning.
,ANCC PMHNP BOARD EXAM review
2023
C. The episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a
substance or to another
medical condition.
D. The occurrence of the major depressive episode is not better
explained by schizoaffective
disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder,
or
other specified and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other
psychotic disorders.
E. There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode.
Note: This exclusion does not apply if all of the manic-like or
hypomanic-like episodes
are substance-induced or are attributable to the physiological effects of
another medical
condition.
MOOD D/O: MDD PREVALENCE - Twelve-month prevalence of major
depressive disorder in the United States is approximately
7%, with marked differences by age group such that the prevalence in
18- to 29-year-old individuals
is threefold higher than the prevalence in individuals age 60 years or
older. Females experience
1.5- to 3-fold higher rates than males beginning in early adolescence.
,ANCC PMHNP BOARD EXAM review
2023
MOOD D/O: MDD DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE - -Recovery typically
begins within 3 months of onset for two in five individuals with major
depression and within 1 year for four in five individuals.
-The risk is higher in individuals whose preceding episode was severe,
in younger individuals, and in individuals who have already experienced
multiple episodes.
-The persistence of even mild depressive symptoms during remission is
a powerful
predictor of recurrence.
MOOD D/O: MDD RISK FACTORS - -Neuroticism (negative affectivity) is a
well-established risk factor for the
onset of major depressive disorder
-Adverse childhood experiences, particularly when there are multiple
experiences of diverse types, constitute a set of potent risk factors for
major depressive disorder.
-Stressful life events are well recognized as precipitants of major
depressive episodes,but the presence or absence of adverse life events
near the onset of episodes does not appear to provide a useful guide to
prognosis or treatment selection.
-First-degree family members of individuals with major depressive
disorder have a risk for major depressive disorder two- to fourfold
higher than that of the general population.
, ANCC PMHNP BOARD EXAM review
2023
-Relative risks appear to be higher for early-onset and recurrent forms.
Heritability is approximately 40%, and the personality trait neuroticism
accounts
for a substantial portion of this genetic liability.
MOOD D/O: PDD (DYSTHYMIA) DSM5 CRITERIA - Depressed mood for
most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated by either
subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 years.
Note: In children and adolescents, mood can be irritable and duration
must be at least
1 year.
B. Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the following:
1. Poor appetite or overeating.
2. Insomnia or hypersomnia.
3. Low energy or fatigue.
4. Low self-esteem.
5. Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions.
6. Feelings of hopelessness.
C. During the 2-year period (1 year for children or adolescents) of the
disturbance, the individual has never been without the symptoms in
Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a time.
D. Criteria for a major depressive disorder may be continuously present
for 2 years.
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