CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions & Answers 2023/2024
Margin of safety - ANSWER-the difference between the usual effective dose and the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - ANSWER-right patient, right medication, right does, right route of admin...
intramuscular - ANSWER-drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - ANSWER-needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine an into space around
the spinal cord
intravenous - ANSWER-injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - ANSWER-needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin
Bioavailablility - ANSWER-how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its intended target site of action
Bioequivalent - ANSWER-when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients but also produce
virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - ANSWER-production of the same medicinal effects
Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ANSWER-Lungs, breast milk, sweat tears urine feces, bile,
saliva, and exhaled air
,medication error - ANSWER-failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - ANSWER-a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - ANSWER-a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the powdered drug with liquid such as
syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - ANSWER-a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied by many others encased
within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing medication over time
tablet - ANSWER-pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the powdered for of a drug and bulk
filling material under high pressure; commonly used for anti acids and antiflatulents
Capsules - ANSWER-medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an external shell; can be
pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - ANSWER-several doses of a drug in special coatings that dissolve at different rates
Enteric Coating - ANSWER-dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in the stomach; only starts to
digest in the intestines
caplets - ANSWER-shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the shape and file make swallowing
easier
gel caps - ANSWER-an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin capsule
Emulsion - ANSWER-two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
otic drugs - ANSWER-control localized infections or inflammation and require very low dosages to be
effective
,Types of drug despensing - ANSWER-OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - ANSWER-exaggeration of the drug's therapeutic effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - ANSWER-results from mechanisms that are not currently understood; largely
unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - ANSWER-These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - ANSWER-these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - ANSWER-These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - ANSWER-Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
Transdermal - ANSWER-through the skin via creams or patches
Binders - ANSWER-cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - ANSWER-used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture and consumption
, Glidants(flow enhancers) - ANSWER-added to powdered materials used in pill production to aid
movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - ANSWER-maintain consistent concentration of the active ingredients
throughout the drug product
disintegrants - ANSWER-help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Lubricants - ANSWER-ease the release of the tablets from the dies that stamp them during the
manufacturing process
AUC - ANSWER-represents the extent of the drug absorption or the quantity of the drug that appears in
the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - ANSWER-peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
First pass effect - ANSWER-metabolizing process in the liver that suppresses the amount of drug that
eventually reaches the systemic circulation and the site of action
onset of action - ANSWER-the time it takes for a drug to start having any intended affect after it is
administered
Protein Binding - ANSWER-the ability of certain drugs to bind to plasma protein
QD - ANSWER-once a day
QID - ANSWER-four times a day
PRN - ANSWER-take as needed
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