, 3. -Evaluating- evaluating information ((reviewing assumptions and
evidence))
4. -Decisions- making conclusions
3) Can you explain how the nursing process and critical work together?
4) What is self-reflection?
a. Self-reflection, an element of critical thinking, serves as a useful tool when you
feel overwhelmed. For example, ask yourself if your sadness is related to caring
for a patient or to an unresolved, disruptive experience in your personal life.
Talking with friends, a spiritual care provider, or a close colleague helps you
recognize your own grief and reflect on the meaning of caring for dying patients.
Creative strategies help you cope with the loss of a patient to whom you have
become attached.
b. Critical thinking becomes more deliberate through reflection because it allows
you to think about your previous thinking to make your future thinking better
5) What are concept maps?
a. A concept map is a visual representation of patient problems and interventions
that shows their relationships to one another.
b. The primary purpose of concept mapping is to better synthesize relevant data
about a patient, including assessment data, nursing diagnoses, health needs,
nursing interventions, and evaluation measures
c.
6) What are clinical guidelines?
, a. clinical guidelines, or protocol is a systematically developed set of statements
that helps nurses, physicians, and other health care providers make decisions
about appropriate health care for specific clinical situations and interventions
7) What are sources of data collection?
1. Data collection & types of data
2. Sources of data: PT
a. (interview, observation, physical exam *best source*)
3. From family and s/o with PT‘s agreement.
4. From HC team: charge nurse, resp. therapist.
5. Medical records
6. Scientific literature
7. Nurse‘s experience
ii. Subjective data: The PT‘s own words. What they ―s‖ay.
1. Ex: ‗my pain is 8/10‘
iii. Objective Data: Observations or measurements of Pt‘s health. What you
―O‖bserve.
1. Ex: Pt‘s heart rate is 120 b/m;; temp
b.
8) What are methods of data collection and how are they utilized?
a. Patient-Centered Interview
i. A patient-centered interview is an approach for obtaining from patients the
data that are needed to foster a caring nurse-patient relationship, adherence
to interventions, and treatment effectiveness.
1. In a patient-centered interview an organized conversation with the
patient allows the patient to set the initial focus and initiate
discussion about his or her chief problems or reasons for seeking
health care
2. (1) setting the stage, (2) gathering information about the patient's
chief concerns or problems and setting an agenda, (3) collecting
the assessment or a nursing health history, and (4) terminating the
interview.
b. Open-ended Questions
i. In a patient-centered interview you try to find out, in the patient's own
words, what the health problem is and its probable cause.
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