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NR320 Exam 2 Study Guide / NR 320 Mental Health Exam 2 Study Guide (Latest update, ): Chamberlain College of Nursing $17.99   Add to cart
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NR320 Exam 2 Study Guide / NR 320 Mental Health Exam 2 Study Guide (Latest update, ): Chamberlain College of Nursing
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NR320 Exam 2 Study Guide / NR 320 Mental Health Exam 2 Study Guide (Latest update, ): Chamberlain College of Nursing

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  • August 22, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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  • nr320 exam 2 study guide nr 320 mental health

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  • NR320 / NR 320: Mental Health
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,  Brain-imaging techniques validate differences in structure of brain

 Lower brain volume

 Atrophy in frontal lobe



 Schizophrenia:a psychotic disorder in which the individual experiences such phenomena as delusions,

hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior

o Chronic condition

o Treatable but not curable



 5 Types of Schizophrenia

o Schizophrenia: Paranoid

 Person is intensely suspicious toward others

 Guarded, tense and/or aloof

 Paranoid ideas cannot be corrected by experiences, facts or reality

 Defense mechanisms used is to disparage others, projection or hostility

 Ideas of references: misinterprets messages of others or gives a private meaning to the message




o Schizophrenia: Catatonic

 Rare

 Essential feature: abnormal motor behavior

 Catatonic Excitement: extreme agitation

 S/S eyes glazed over, disengaged, dull yet agitated

 Catatonic Stupor: extreme psychomotor retardation, experiences such an anxiety that they become so

disconnected that brain & body literally becomes disconnected, not responding at all (even if falling)

,  S/S not perceiving anything outside self at all

 Other Behaviors:

 Posturing: holding arms/legs rigid for long periods

 Waxy flexibility: when placed in awkward position, holds position for long time (like a barbie doll)

 Echolalia: repetition of words of another person (imitating words)

 Echopraxia: mimicking movement of another person (not on purpose)



o Schizophrenia: Disorganized

 Often not helped or recognized

 Most regressed and socially impaired of all types

 Large numbers of homeless population

 Characterized by:

 Looseness of associations

 Bizarre mannerisms

 Incoherent speech

 Fragmented and poorly organized hallucinations/delusions

 Frequent giggling or grimacing in response to internal stimuli



o Schizophrenia: Undifferentiated and Residual

 Undifferentiated (NOS = not otherwise specified)

 Active signs of disorder present, but individual does not meet criteria for other types



o Schizophrenia: Residual

 Active-phase symptoms no longer present, evidence of residual symptoms: lack of initiative, social

withdrawal, inability to work/study, vague speech, magical thinking



 Course of Disease: Schizophrenia

, o Prodromal Stage: s/s that precede that acute fully manifested s/s

 Social w/d, deterioration in fx, perceptual disturbances, magical thinking, depressive mood & peculiar

behavior

 Can occur up to 2 years prior to the psychotic break

 Often missed or dismissed for acting out

o Active Stage: psychotic symptoms are prominent

 Positive symptoms (flagrant): delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behaviors

 Negative symptoms (subtle): less intensity of emotional expression or flat affect, isolative, anhedonia

(lack of feeling pleasure)

 Distorted cognitive symptoms

o Maintenance Stage:

 Acute symptoms decrease in severity, especially positive symptoms but do not go away altogether

 Symptoms are in remission

 Common Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Positive Symptoms (flagrant)

o Delusions: false, fixed beliefs that cannot be corrected by reasoning

 persecutory, grandiose, somatic, control, religious, paranoid, and/or magical

o Hallucinations: sensory perceptions for which no external stimulus exists

 auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory (taste), olfactory

o Psychotic Components

 Associative looseness: thinking is haphazard, illogical and confused

 Neologisms: made-up words that have a symbolic meaning to the individual

 Clang association: meaningless rhyming or words. Rhyming is more important than the words

 Word Salad: jumble of words together making no sense

o Positive symptoms are highly responsive to medications

 1st generation meds: Haldol (great a muffling positive symptoms, not so good with negative symptoms)

 2nd generation meds: help with negative symptoms

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