NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Questions and Answers Already Passed
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NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology
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NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology
NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Questions and Answers Already Passed Asthma Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma coughing wheezing shortness of breath rapid breathing chest tightness
Pathophysiology ...
NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Questions and Answers Already Passed Asthma ✔✔Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles What are 5 s/s of asthma ✔✔coughing wheezing shortness of breath rapid breathing chest tightness Pathophysiology of asthma (5) ✔✔-airway inf lammation, bronchial hyper -reactivity and smooth muscle spasm -excess mucus production and accumulation -hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle -airflow obstruction -decreased alveolar ventilation Bronchioles ✔✔smaller passageways that originate from t he bronchi that become the alveoli 3 layers of the bronchioles ✔✔innermost layer middle layer - lamina propria outermost layer lamina propria ✔✔the middle layer of the bronchioles structure of the lamina propria ✔✔embedded with connective tissue cells and immune cells purpose of the lamina propria ✔✔white blood cells are present to help protect the airways How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma ✔✔the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory respon se that damages host tissue What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain ✔✔columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain ✔✔smooth muscle cells what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do ✔✔control the airways ability to constrict and dilate alveolar hyperinflation ✔✔When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside how does hyperinflation occur? ✔✔the ongoing inflammatory process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar ✔✔-expanded thorax and hypercapnia (retenti on of CO2) - respiratory acidosis What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma ✔✔tiotropium and ipratropium What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? ✔✔These drugs block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system - increasing bronchodilati on MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma ✔✔the parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased airflow - blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the bronchial constriction bronchitis ✔✔inflammation of the bronchial tubes 3 characteristics of bronchitis ✔✔bronchial inflammation hypersecretion of mucus chronic productive cou gh for at least 3 consecutive months for at least 2 successive years Perfusion ✔✔The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
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