Test Bank Pathophysiology 7th Edition Banasik
Table of Contents Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology ....................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 02: Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors ..............
Test Bank Pathophysiology 7th Edition Banasik
Table of Contents
Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology ....................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Adaptive Responses to Stressors ....................................................... 6
Chapter 03: Cell Structure and Function .............................................................................................................. 9
Chapter 04: Cell Injury, Aging, and Death.......................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 05: Genome Structure, Regulation, and Tissue Differentiation ............................................................. 17
Chapter 06: Genetic and Developmental Disorders ........................................................................................... 20
Chapter 07: Neoplasia ....................................................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 08: Infectious Processes ...................................................................................................................... 28
Chapter 09: Inflammation and Immunity ............................................................................................................ 30
Chapter 10: Alterations in Immune Function ...................................................................................................... 34
Chapter 11: Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells ...................................................................................... 39
Chapter 12: HIV Disease and AIDS ................................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 13: Alterations in Oxygen Transport ..................................................................................................... 50
Chapter 14: Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation .......................................................................... 57
Chapter 15: Alterations in Blood Flow................................................................................................................ 63
Chapter 16: Alterations in Blood Pressure ......................................................................................................... 68
Chapter 17: Cardiac Function ............................................................................................................................ 74
Chapter 18: Alterations in Cardiac Function ...................................................................................................... 80
Chapter 19: Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias: Common Sequelae of Cardiac Diseases ..................................... 86
Chapter 20: Shock ............................................................................................................................................. 93
Chapter 21: Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange................................................................ 101
Chapter 22: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders ................................................................................................. 105
Chapter 23: Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders .................................................................................................. 112
Chapter 24: Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances ..................................................................... 122
Chapter 25: Acid–Base Homeostasis and Imbalances .................................................................................... 136
Chapter 26: Renal Function ............................................................................................................................. 145
Chapter 27: Intrarenal Disorders ..................................................................................................................... 151
Chapter 28: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease......................................................................... 162
Chapter 29: Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract ............................................................................................ 176
Chapter 30: Male Genital and Reproductive Function ..................................................................................... 185
Chapter 31: Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function ................................................................ 189
Chapter 32: Female Genital and Reproductive Function .................................................................................. 193
Chapter 33: Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function ............................................................ 198
Chapter 34: Sexually Transmitted Infections ................................................................................................... 206
Chapter 35: Gastrointestinal Function ............................................................................................................. 211
Chapter 36: Gastrointestinal Disorders ............................................................................................................ 218
Chapter 37: Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas ................................................ 228
Chapter 38: Liver Diseases ............................................................................................................................. 235
Chapter 39: Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Regulation ............................. 241
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,Chapter 40: Disorders of Endocrine Function .................................................................................................. 250
Chapter 41: Diabetes Mellitus.......................................................................................................................... 259
Chapter 42: Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition ........................................................................................ 266
Chapter 43: Structure and Function of the Nervous System ............................................................................ 272
Chapter 44: Acute Disorders of Brain Function ................................................................................................ 282
Chapter 45: Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function .................................................................................... 292
Chapter 46: Alterations in Special Sensory Function ....................................................................................... 301
Chapter 47: Pain ............................................................................................................................................. 306
Chapter 48: Neurobiology of Psychotic Illnesses ............................................................................................. 311
Chapter 49: Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses ....................................................................................... 319
Chapter 50: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System ................................................................ 327
Chapter 51: Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, and Disease ..................................... 333
Chapter 52: Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders ..................................................... 340
Chapter 53: Alterations in the Integumentary System ...................................................................................... 346
Chapter 54: Burn Injuries ................................................................................................................................. 352
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, Chapter 01: Introduction to
Pathophysiology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed
apharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin
rash,dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore
throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and
antibiotics havebeen prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
a. a sore throat.
b. streptococcal infection.
c. genetic susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore
throat isthe manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited
tendency to develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a
clinical manifestation of the disease process.
2. A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that
causesmeningitis. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: A
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes
rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective
functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and
exerciseprogram. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: B
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
asprescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Primary
prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves
management of the disease once it has developed.
4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict
sodiumintake. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: B
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, Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease,
such as by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is
preventionof disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible
individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to
alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management
of the disease once it has developed.
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
loweringmedication. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: C
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate
disability and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering
susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is the
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves
management of the disease once it has developed.
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs
ofthis disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the
firstappearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the
incubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and
symptoms indicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache,
malaise, anorexia, and nausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases.
Sequela refersto subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is
the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS: B
A disease that is native to a particular region is called endemic. An epidemic is a disease
thatspreads to many individuals at the same time. Pandemics are epidemics that affect
large geographic regions, perhaps spreading worldwide. Ethnographic does not describe a
disease distribution pattern.
8. In general, with aging, organ size and function
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain the same.
d. are unknown.
ANS: B
In general, with aging, organ size and function decrease.
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