DIffUSIOn
· In diffusion, particles from an area
move
of higher concentration to one of lower
concentration until equilibrium is reached.
lie, the
spread of food dye in water,
cooking odours, tea
bags, perfume)
OSMOSIS
· The movement of a solvent (such as water)
through a semi permeable membrane (cell)
into a solution higher
of solute concentration
that tends to equalize the concentrations of solute
on the two sides of the membrane.
Cle. skin pruning, preservation of foods)
= The solute is the substance that is
being dissolved, while
the solvent is the
dissolving medium.
(le. Carbon dioxide a
water,
& fed, salt a water)
sugar
cell theory
composed of
All
living organisms are one or more cells
cell is the basic structural and functional
I
unit of living organisms
3 All cells arise from pre-existing cells
, organelles
The cell is the basic unit of life .
Each cell contains smaller p
called organelles . These
organelles have
special functions tha
all the life processes of the cell
Including :
◦
Intake of nutrition ◦
Response to stimuli •
reproduction
◦
Movement •
exchange of gases
•
Growth •
waste removal
Parts Of a cell -
= Animal
=
Plant
centrioles
centrioles are
only found in animal cells .
function in cell division and organizing
↳ They
the microtubules and provide a structure
to the cell
lysosomes
*
Usually only found in animal cells
"
lysosomes are called suicide sacks they produced
"
,
are
by the golgi body .
↳ ,
the bacteria
, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a series of double membranes that loop
andforth between cell membrane & nucleus
↳ membranes fill the
cytoplasm ->however they are
transparent
↳
rough ER has ribosomes attached
↳ ribosomes manufacture proteins for the cell
Smooth ER
Smooth ER Lack ribosomes; it acts as a
pathway
throughout the cytoplasm
↳ runs
through the entire cell
↳ Also
produces lipids for the cell (fat)
cell membrane
cell membrane critical functions
performs many
for the cell.
↳) regulates all that enters and leaves the cell
↳ Barrier to keep items Inside
↳ In multicellular
organisms allows self -
recognition
Nucleus
Nucleus is the headquarters of the cell, it controls all
cell activity
↳ nuclear membrane has
many pores
↳ Thick
ropy strands
=
chromatin
↳
Large dark spot
Nucleolus
large solid spot within the nucleus
spot of condensed chromatin
↳
↳)manufactures ribosomes
↳) Chromatin is DNA in its active form; it is a combination of DN
↳) stores the information needed for the creation of proteins
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