Classification of Farm Animals
INTRODUCTION
Same animal is given various names in the different countries in the world. To avoid confusion
,animals are given names according to a scientific classification system .This system is known as
binomial nomenclature .Binomial means two names .The first...
Same animal is given various names in the different countries in the world. To avoid confusion
,animals are given names according to a scientific classification system .This system is known as
binomial nomenclature .Binomial means two names .The first of the two names is the genus and the
second part of the name is the species.
A scientific system of classification allows the exact identity of an animal to be recognized
anywhere in the world.
OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this exercise ,the students should be able to :
1. enumerate the species of livestock and poultry in the Philippines
2. give the scientific name of the different species of livestock and poultry
3. familiarized the different terms used in Animal Science
PROCEDURES
1. The students shall visit internet café or goggle and fill up the Table
No. 1 and Table No. 2 on the separate sheet.
Table No.1 Scientific classification of agricultural animals
Common Swine Cattle Carabao Horse Sheep/Goat Chicken
Name (Tropical) (Philippine)
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus Sheep:
Goat:
Species Sheep:
Goat:
,Table No. 2 Common terms or names applied to selected farm animals
Cattle Carabao Goat Sheep Swine
Male of
breeding age
Mature
female
Young male
Newborn
Unsexed
Male
Unsexed
Female
Groups
Genus
Act of
breeding
Act of
parturition
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
A .GENERAL TERMS
1.Parturition – act of giving birth
a. Calving - act of giving birth in cow
b. Farrowing –act of giving birth in sow
c. Kidding – act of giving birth in doe
d. Foaling – act of giving birth in mare
e. Lambing – act of giving birth in ewe
2 .Gestation –pregnancy time from conception to birth
3. Conception – act of fertilization
4 . .Dam – female parent
5. .Sire - male parent
6. Sterility – inability to produce normal young .
7. Fertility - ability to produce fertilizable ova and to provide proper
environment for initiating cell division and embryonic development
- ability to produce large number of sperm capable of fertilization
8.Impotency – failure to copulate
9. Fecundity or prolificacy – ability to give birth to offspring frequently or numerous
young at frequent intervals.
10. Puberty – sexual maturity as exhibited by first heat or ovulation .
11. Weanling - young animal ,after separation from its dam.
12. Weaning - the process of separating the young from its dam .
B . CATTLE (Bos Taurus / Bosindicus ) and CARABAO ( Bubalusbubalis / Bubalis
carabenensis )
, 3. Bull - male breeding ox of any age.
4. Cow - mature female ox ,one that has given birth .
5. Heifer - young female ox under three years of any age usually one that has not
yet givenbirth
6.Steer - male ox castrated before sexual maturity
7. Stag - male ox castrated after sexual maturity
8. Calf - young ox either sex ,under one year of age
9.Bull calf - young male calf under one year of age.
10. Carabull -carabao bull ;caraheifer,caracow ,etc.(As proposed by Dr. V.
Villegas ,UPLB),the use of the prefix “cara”to terms for cattle to
apply to carabaos
11. Bullock – usually a stag for draft purposes
12.Caraheifer - young female carabao under three years of age usually one that
has not yetgiving birth.
13.Bullock - usually a stag for draft purposes
14.Transmitting ability – the ability of an animal to pass on either good or bad traits
to its progeny
15.Proven sire - bull about whom one have sufficient unselected information to
indicate his transmitting ability.
C. HORSE (Equuscaballus )
1. Stallion – mature male horse ; if the stallion is used for breeding purposes, the
term studhorse is preferred
2. Mare - mature female horse ; broodmare is the term for female horse used for
breeding purposes.
3. Colt - young male horse usually up to 3 years old.
4. Filly - young female horse usuallyt up to 3 years old.
5. Foal - young horse of either sex below one year of age.
6. Gelding - horse which is castrated while young
7. Yeld mare or dry mare - one which has not produced any young during the
breeding season.
8. Ridgling –stallion with only one testis or none in its scrotum
9 Equitition - horsemanship , the art of riding on horseback
D. SWINE (Susdomesticus)
1. Boar -male pig of any age
2. Sow -mature female pig ,one that has given birth
3. Gilt -young female pig under one year of age ,usually one that has not yet given
birth.
4. Shote –young pig of either sex , weighing approximately 60 kgs .
5. Barrow - male pig which was castrated while young ;or a pig that was castrated
Before the secondary sex characters have developed
6. Stag - a male castrated after sexual maturity
7. Weanling - young pigs separated from the sow ,about 5 weeks old .
8. Suckling –young pigs from birth up to weaning
9. Litter - group of pigs born in one farrowing
10. Litter size – the number of young pigs in one farrowing.
E. SHEEP (Ovisaries ) and GOAT (Capra hircus)
1. Ram - male sheep of any age for breeding purposes.
2. Ewe - female sheep of any age.
3. Lamb – young sheep of either sex below one year of age.
4. Wether sheep – male sheep which was castrated while young preferably one to
, 6. Fleece - wool covering the sheep
7. Billy goat or buck – male goat of any age.
8. Pelt –wool and skin of a sheep
9. Doe - female goat of any age
10. Kid –young goat of either sex below one year of age
11. Wether goat - male goat castrated before the secondary sex characters have
developed.
F. MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS
1. Meat from different animals
a. Beef - ox,1 year old and above
b. Veal - ox , less than 1 year old
c. York - pig
d. Venison – deer
e. Mutton - sheep , 1 year old and above
f. Lamb – sheep , less than 1 year old
g. Chevon – goat
h. Horse meat – horse
i. Carabeef – carabao 1 year old and above
j. Caraveal -carabao less than 1 year old
k. Game meat – game animals (wild animals)
2. Meat – properly dressed flesh derived from mature animals in good condition at
the time of Slaughter
3.Slaughtering – from fasting through stunning , bleeding ,bleeding up to skinning
and evisceration
4.Butchering - from splitting and quartering ,cutting the carcass into retails cuts.
G. POULTRY : a. Chicken (Gallus domesticus) b. Duck (Mallard) Anas platyrhynchos
e. Pigeon (Columbia livic ) f. Quail (Coturnix coturnix)
f. Geese (Cygnopsis cygnoides)
1.Poultry - a collective term for all domesticated birds rendering economic service to
man ; can refer also to dressed carcasses of fowls
2.Chicken – one of the more poultry species different from turkeys , ducks , geese , etc…
3.Chick - young chicken while in the downy stage
4.Rooster - a male fowl one year old or over.
5.Cockerel - a male fowl less than one year old.
6.Capon - a caponized male , readily distinguished by the undeveloped comb and
wattles.
7.Pullet - a female fowl less than a year old
8.Drake –a male duck
8. Duckling - is a young duck regardless of sex .
9. Fryer – any bird that has developed to a size suitable for frying.
10. Gander - a male goose
11. Goose –aquatic birds that are akin to ducks but distinguished from the by
having longernecks,narrower bills ,larger bodies and wings and a more
aggressive behavior
12. Gosling - a young goose regardless of sex.
12. Hen - a mature female fowl usually laid an egg .
13. Molting - is the natural means of renewing feathers in birds
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