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Samenvatting Geestelijke gezondheidszorg deel kinderen- en jeugdpsychiatrie: Ergotherapie $9.22   Add to cart
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Samenvatting Geestelijke gezondheidszorg deel kinderen- en jeugdpsychiatrie: Ergotherapie
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  • Course
  • Ergotherapie Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg
  • Institution
  • Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)

Volledige samenvatting van de gehele cursus en extra aanvullingen van de hoorcolleges van geestelijke gezondheidszorg deel kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie.

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Document information

  • May 20, 2023
  • 49
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

Subjects

  • gedragsstoornissen
  • eetstoornissen
  • angststoornissen
  • depressieve stemmingsstoornissen
  • signalen van suïcidaliteit bij jongeren

Written for

  • Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)
  • Bachelor In De Ergotherapie
  • Ergotherapie Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg
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2e bachelor Ergotherapie Kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie
Nina Van Ginneken


Kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie
Inhoud
Gedragsstoornissen...........................................................................................................................4
Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................4
Diagnostische kenmerken...................................................................................................................5
Verschillende ontwikkelingstrajecten.................................................................................................6
Psychopathie: ongevoeligheid en emotieloosheid..............................................................................7
Reactief agressief gedrag versus proactief antisociaal gedrag............................................................7
Comorbiditeit.....................................................................................................................................7
Prevalentie..........................................................................................................................................8
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................8
Kindkenmerken...............................................................................................................................8
Omgevingsinvloeden....................................................................................................................11
Differentiaaldiagnose........................................................................................................................14
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................14
Besluit...........................................................................................................................................15
Beloop en prognose..........................................................................................................................15
Eetstoornissen.................................................................................................................................16
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................16
Anorexia nervosa..............................................................................................................................16
Diagnostische kenmerken.............................................................................................................16
Andere kenmerken.......................................................................................................................18
Comorbiditeit................................................................................................................................18
Prevalentie....................................................................................................................................18
Etiologie........................................................................................................................................19
Differentiaaldiagnose....................................................................................................................20
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................20
Beloop en prognose......................................................................................................................22
Boulimia nervosa..............................................................................................................................23
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................23
Diagnostische kenmerken.............................................................................................................23
Comorbiditeit................................................................................................................................24
Prevalentie....................................................................................................................................24
Etiologie........................................................................................................................................24
Differentiaal diagnose...................................................................................................................24

1

,2e bachelor Ergotherapie Kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie
Nina Van Ginneken

Behandeling..................................................................................................................................24
Beloop en prognose......................................................................................................................25
Angststoornissen.............................................................................................................................26
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................26
Diagnostische kenmerken.................................................................................................................27
Separatieangststoornis.................................................................................................................27
GAS/ gegeneraliseerde angststoornis...........................................................................................27
Specifieke fobie.............................................................................................................................27
Sociale-angststoornis....................................................................................................................28
Paniekstoornis..............................................................................................................................28
Agorafobie....................................................................................................................................28
Comorbiditeit...................................................................................................................................28
Prevalentie........................................................................................................................................29
Etiologie............................................................................................................................................29
Genetische factoren......................................................................................................................30
Gedragsinhibitie............................................................................................................................30
Cognitieve factoren.......................................................................................................................31
Neurobiologische mechanisme.....................................................................................................32
Omgevingsfactoren.......................................................................................................................33
Differentiaal diagnose.......................................................................................................................34
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................34
Psycho-educatie............................................................................................................................34
Psychosociale interventies............................................................................................................34
Farmacotherapie...........................................................................................................................36
Beloop en prognose..........................................................................................................................36
Schoolweigering...............................................................................................................................37
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................37
Diagnostische kenmerken.............................................................................................................37
Prevalentie....................................................................................................................................38
Etiologie........................................................................................................................................38
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................38
Selectief mutisme.............................................................................................................................39
Diagnostische kenmerken.............................................................................................................39
Prevalentie....................................................................................................................................39
Geassocieerde problemen............................................................................................................39
Etiologie........................................................................................................................................39

2

,2e bachelor Ergotherapie Kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie
Nina Van Ginneken

Differentiaal diagnose...................................................................................................................39
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................40
Beloop en prognose......................................................................................................................40
Depressieve stemmingsstoornissen.................................................................................................41
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................41
Depressieve stoornis.........................................................................................................................41
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................41
Diagnostische kenmerken.............................................................................................................41
Comorbiditeit................................................................................................................................43
Prevalentie....................................................................................................................................43
Etiologie........................................................................................................................................43
Differentiaaldiagnose....................................................................................................................45
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................45
Beloop en prognose......................................................................................................................46
Disruptieve-stemmingsdisregulatiestoornis......................................................................................46
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................46
Diagnostische kenmerken.............................................................................................................47
Comorbiditeit................................................................................................................................47
Prevalentie....................................................................................................................................48
Etiologie........................................................................................................................................48
Differentiaaldiagnose....................................................................................................................48
Behandeling..................................................................................................................................48
Beloop..........................................................................................................................................48
Signalen van suïcidaliteit.................................................................................................................49




3

, 2e bachelor Ergotherapie Kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie
Nina Van Ginneken


Gedragsstoornissen
Inleiding
Bij kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie onderscheid tussen externaliserende en internaliserende stoornissen:

Externaliserende stoornissen Internaliserende stoornissen
1. ADHD 1. Angststoornissen
2. Gedragsstoornissen 2. PTSS
3. Middelengebruik 3. OCS
4. Antisociale persoonlijkheidsstoornis (enkele 4. Depressieve stemmingsstoornissen
deze diagnose bij volwassenen)

Externaliserend gedrag = gedrag vormt probleem voor de omgeving (3x meer bij jongens)
Internaliserend gedrag = gedrag vormt probleem voor de persoon zelf (3x meer bij meisjes)

Niet in deze cursus: ondeugend gedrag, zijn van alle tijdens en niet ongewoon voor kinderen en jeugd



Gedragsstoornissen bestaat uit twee componenten:

1. Gedrag voor de omgeving lastig (agressie, geweld, diefstal, brandstichting of vandalisme)
2. Gedrag te maken met het overtreden van regels (ongehoorzaamheid, ruziemaken, spijbelen
of weglopen)

Waarom antisociaal gedrag bij kinderen al aanpakken?
Zodat dit niet in de volwassenheid uitgroeit tot PHS

Vroeger: betrekken biologische factoren taboe
Nu: standaard in elke tekst over gedragsstoornissen

Vroeger: psychopathie (sociopaten) taboe
Nu: terugkerend in vakliteratuur

Algemene verklaring gedragsstoornissen: aanleg + omgeving



In DSM-5:

- Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) of oppositionele opstandige stoornis
- Conduct disorder (CD) of normoverschrijdend-gedragsstoornis
 Essentiële kenmerk: gedrag waarmee de fundamentele rechten van anderen of normen en
regels worden overtreden

Prevalentie ODD en CD:

- Frequent bij kinderen en adolescenten
- Vooral op jonge leeftijd gedragsproblemen, veel kans uitgroeien tot in volwassenheid



Algemene kenmerken gedragsstoornissen:

- Veroorzaken anderen veel leed en financiële schade

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