Question 1:
Comparative and international education
1.1 Define the concepts below in your own words. Provide the source of your
definition in each instance.
1.1.1 African socialism (5)
African socialism: African socialism refers to a political and economic philosophy
that seeks to promote social and economic equality, communal ownership of
property, and collective decision-making in African societies. It is a blend of
traditional African values and Marxist ideology. This concept was coined by
Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere in the 1960s as a way to promote African
development through a unique, African-centered approach. (Source: Encyclopedia
Britannica)
1.1.2 comparative education (5)
Comparative education: Comparative education is a field of study that compares
educational systems, policies, and practices across different countries or regions.
This field seeks to identify similarities and differences in education systems, as
well as the factors that influence educational outcomes. It is concerned with
understanding the cultural, social, political, and economic contexts that shape
education around the world. (Source: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education)
1.1.3 home language (5)
Home language: Home language refers to the language(s) that a person learns as a
first language, typically in their family and community. It is the language in which
a person is most proficient and comfortable communicating in. It can also refer to
the language(s) spoken by a community or country as a whole. (Source: UNESCO)
1.1.4 curriculum decolonisation (5)
Curriculum decolonisation: Curriculum decolonisation is a process of critically
examining and deconstructing the Eurocentric biases and assumptions that are
embedded in educational curricula and practices. It involves recognizing and
addressing the ways in which colonialism and imperialism have influenced
education systems and perpetuated social, economic, and cultural inequalities. This
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