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DNA AND RNA
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Lecture notes of 1 pages for the course BIOLOGY at BIOLOGY (DNA AND RNA)
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DNA, RNA (mRNA) and the Genetic Code | Molecular Biology 🧬Medicosis Perfectionalis
Biochemistry Playlist: RNA
This video is part of our ongoing Biochemistry Playlist. In previous videos, we discussed DNA versus RNA,
nucleotides versus nucleosides, purines versus pyrimidines, DNA replication and DNA repair, DNA
biotechnology. In this video, we will focus on RNA – Ribonucleic Acid.
RNA basics
The phosphate at the 5 Prime always has a negative charge.
The phosphate is full of energy.
Nitrogenous bases include:
Purines (pure as gold)
Pyrimidines (the pyramid has one ring, or the pyramids, the rest of the shebang)
Thymine, cytosine, uracil, thiamine
DNA to RNA
The process of converting DNA to RNA involves adding a primer with a short RNA molecule, called
primase. Then DNA polymerase synthesizes the new DNA from the 5 Prime to the 3 Prime.
Amino Acids and Proteins
Proteins are nothing but a bunch of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Each amino acid has a
three-letter abbreviation and a one-letter abbreviation.
Types of RNA
MRNA is the biggest RNA molecule. It is massive. The two most abundant or redundant types of RNA are
Ribosomal RNA and Transfer RNA (formerly known as sRNA).
There is no such thing as t on an RNA. Instead, say u.
C becomes g. How about c - g, t - a? Right, fine, fine, fine, but a should become t. The order is important,
just like our daily language. This word is not the same as this word, even though they have the same letters.
And then it will translate the message aug.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum equals ribosomes plus proteins. As mRNA, RNA can not do it. tRNA
can't do it. mRNA and prokaryotes is polycystronic. Well, the flip is that "poly" means "many," "cis" means
"the same." The same singular mRNA molecule is giving me tons of proteins.
Medicosa is medicosa's perfect snails where medicine makes perfect sense.
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