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Exam (elaborations) Bio07 (Bio07) Biology Plus, ISBN: 9781845365578
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This is the notes of biology chapter 8 ncert book humen health and disease
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Chapter 8 Biology is the youngest of the formalised disciplines of naturalHuman Health and Disease science. Progress in physics and chemistry proceeded much
faster than in Biology. Applications of physics and chemistry in
Chapter 9 our daily life also have a higher visibility than those of biology.
Strategies for Enhancement in However, twentieth century and certainly twenty-first century
Food Production has demonstrated the utility of biological knowledge in
furthering human welfare, be it in health sector or agriculture.
Chapter 10 The discovery of antibiotics, and synthetic plant-derived drugs,
Microbes in Human Welfare anaesthetics have changed medical practice on one hand
and human health on the other hand. Life expectancy of
human beings have dramatically changed over the years.
Agricultural practices, food processing and diagnostics have
brought socio-cultural changes in human communities. These
are briefly described in the following three chapters of this unit.
2019-2020
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, Born in August 1925 in Kumbakonam in Tamil Nadu, Monkambu Sambasivan
Swaminathan did his graduation and post-graduation in Botany from
Madras University. He worked in different capacities in large number of
institutions in India and abroad and developed his expertise in genetics
and plant breeding.
The School of Cytogenetics and Radiation Research established at the
Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) enabled Swaminathan and his
team to develop short-duration high-yielding varieties of rice including scented
Basmati. He is also known for the development of the concept of crop
cafeteria, crop scheduling and genetically improving the yield and quality.
Swaminathan initiated collaboration with Norman Borlaug, which
culminated in the ‘Green Revolution’ through introduction of Mexican
M.S. SWAMINATHAN varieties of wheat in India. This was highly recognised and appreciated. He
(1925)
is also the initiator of ‘Lab-to-Land’, food security and several other
environmental programmes. He has been honoured with Padma Bhushan
and several other prestigious awards, medals and fellowships by institutions
of excellence.
2019-2020
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, CHAPTER 8
HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE
8.1 Common Diseases in
Humans
8.2 Immunity
Health, for a long time, was considered as a state of body
and mind where there was a balance of certain ‘humors’.
8.3 AIDS This is what early Greeks like Hippocrates as well as
8.4 Cancer Indian Ayurveda system of medicine asserted. It was
thought that persons with ‘blackbile’ belonged to hot
8.5 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
personality and would have fevers. This idea was arrived
at by pure reflective thought. The discovery of blood
circulation by William Harvey using experimental method
and the demonstration of normal body temperature in
persons with blackbile using thermometer disproved the
‘good humor’ hypothesis of health. In later years, biology
stated that mind influences, through neural system and
endocrine system, our immune system and that our
immune system maintains our health. Hence, mind and
mental state can affect our health. Of course, health is
affected by –
(i) genetic disorders – deficiencies with which a child is
born and deficiencies/defects which the child inherits
from parents from birth;
(ii) infections and
(iii) life style including food and water we take, rest and
exercise we give to our bodies, habits that we have or
lack etc.
2019-2020
Click on this link to buy latest Educart Books on Amazon - https://amzn.to/3OwEosm
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