Anth 1120 Review Questions and Answers latest 2023,100% CORRECT
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Anth 1120
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Anth 1120
Anth 1120 Review Questions and Answers latest 2023
1. Culture - The system of meanings about the nature of experience that are shared by a people and passed from one generation to another, including the meanings that people give to things, events and activities, and people.
2. Ethnocentrism -...
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Anth 1120 Review Questions and Answers latest 2023
1. Culture - The system of meanings about the nature of experience that are
shared by a people and passed from one generation to another, including
the meanings that people give to things, events and activities, and
people.
2. Ethnocentrism - The tendency to judge beliefs and behaviours of
other cultures from the perspective of one's own culture. - IT IS THE
ACT
3. Ethnocentric fallacy - The mistaken notion that the beliefs and
behaviours of other cultures can be judged from the perspective of one's
own culture.
- IT IS THE BELEIF
4. Relativism - attempt to understand the beliefs and behaviours of other
cultures in terms of the culture in which they are found- IT IS THE
ACT
5. Relativistic fallacy- The idea that it is impossible to make moral
judgments about the beliefs and behaviours of members of
other cultures.- IT IS THE BELIEF
6. Armchair anthropology- Approach to study of various societies-
dominated in late 1800's; collect, study and analyze writings of
missionaries, explorers and colonists- they made comparisons
and generalizations about the ways of life of various groups.
7. Participant observation- element of fieldwork involves participating
in daily tasks and observing interactions
8. Fieldwork- long- term interactions with group of people- involves
living with people, observing and contributing to daily chores and task
and conducting interviews- historically has been qualitative
9. Ethnographic method - The immersion of researchers in the lives and
cultures of people they are trying to understand in order to
comprehend the meanings these people ascribe to their experience.
10.Socio-cultural anthropology- approach that retains the British focus on
social anth at the same time as it adds the American focus on culture
to produce something slightly different from either one.
11.Applied anthropology- specializes in putting anthropological
knowledge into practise outside academia, seek to explain diversity to
help people understand one another better (i.e. Diff meanings to diff
events leads to misunderstanding and conflict)
12.Identity- learned personal and social types of affiliation, including
gender, sexuality, race, class, nationalism and ethnicity.
13.Enculturation- the process through which individuals learn identity.
, Parental socialization, peer influence, mass media, gov't..
14.Egocentric view of the self - defines each person as a replica of all
humanity, as the location of motivations and drives and as capable
of acting independently of others.
, 15.Sociocentric view of the self- context-dependent view, self exists as an
entity only within the concrete situations or roles occupied by the
person.
16.Gender- culturally constructed ideals of behaviours, dress,
occupations, roles and comportment for particular sexes.
17.Third gender-gender given to someone who does not fit within
strictly masculine or feminine gender roles
18.Gender hierarchy- people are ranked above one another according
to gender
19.Hegemonic masculinity- refers to ideals and norms of masculinity in
a society, which are often privileged over others
20.Rite of passage- by Van Gennep, rituals that accompany changes in
status such as boyhood to manhood...
21.World view- an encompassing picture of reality based on shared
cultural assumptions about how the world works.
22.Metaphor- A figure of speech in which linguistic expressions are taken
from one area of experience and applied to another.
23.Ritual- A dramatic rendering or social portrayal of meanings shared by
a specific body of people in a way that makes them seem correct and
proper.
24.Myth- A story or narrative that portrays the meanings people give to their
experience.
25.Revitalization movements- suggested by Anthony Wallace, for
attempts by a people to construct a more satisfying culture.
26.Syncretization- the combination of old beliefs or religions and new
ones that are often introduced during colonization.
27.Creole- formation of slave societies in the Caribbean in which
elements of African and European culture were merged
28.Ethnography-written description and analysis of a particular group
of people based on fieldwork
29.Nation-state- political community that has clearly defined territorial
boarders and centralized authority. the nation is an ‘imagined
political community’; it is imagined as both inherently limited
and sovereign (Benedict Anderson, “Imagined
Communities”)
30.Nationalism-
the ‘world view’ of members of a nation-state
-nationalism describes (1) the belief in a national identity and
emotional investments in that national identity, and (2) the
actions that members of a nation take to achieve (or
sustain) self- determination as a nation
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