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Summary

Summary Logic

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Contains a comprehensive summary, illustrations (where applicable) and additional notes/resources related to the topic.

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  • February 19, 2023
  • 7
  • 2022/2023
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Logic
Created @March 24, 2022 2:40 PM

Class

Type

Materials

Reviewed



Formal Logic
studies good/bad reasoning and the differences between the two

Rational evaluation of arguments



Deductive Validity: Impossible for argument to have all true premises and a false
conclusion
Non deductive strength: Truth of premises makes the conclusion more probably than
not


VALID → If premises are true the conclusion HAS to be true


If argument contains contradictory premises → valid because you
cannot prove invalidity.


Why does the truth of some arguments guarantee the conclusion?
Either P or Q
Not P
therefore Q




Logic 1

, All arguments of this form are valid




Sentence Connectives
Sentence connectives operate on declarative sentences to form compund or complex
sentences


Declarative sentences: Sentences that can be true or false


Two Place Connectives
Connectives that operate on two sentences at a time
or, because, and, either


One Place Connectives
Connectives that operate on one sentence at a time
It is good that.../It is not the case that...



The meaning of sentence connectives determine argument forms

meaning of sentence connectives → valid form → valid argumet




Truth Functional Connectives
Truth Values of the complex sentences they generate are determined by the truth
values of the simple sentences




Truth Value: A sentence’s being true or false



Logic 2

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