The behaviourist approach to treating phobias, AQA
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Course
Psychopathology
Institution
AQA
The behaviourist approach to treating phobias notes, taken from the AQA textbook in relation to psychopathology in paper one of psychology, including evaluation
Based on classical conditioning , counter conditioning and
reciprocal inhabition
the therapy aeons to
gradually reduce anxiety through couniereonaitwriing :
Phobia Ccs) CCR)
'
is learned so that phobic stimulus
produces fear
'
CS with the CR
is
paired relaxation + this becomes new
Recoprical inhibition not
possible to be
affraid and relaxed at the same time so one emotion
prevents the other
-
.
,
Formation
of an anxiety hierarchy
client stimulus least
and
therapist design an anxiety hierarchy fearful arranged in order
from
to most
frightening
-
.
A
person with arachnophobia might identify seeing a
picture of a small
spider as low on their anxiety hierarchy and holding a
trantuea as the
genial item
Relaxation
practised at each level
of the
hierarchy
Person with relaxation techniques breathing anchor meditation
phobia is
first taught such as deep .
Person At stimulus relaxed state
then works
through the anxiety hierarchy -
each level the
person is
exposed to the phobic in a .
This takes several sessions starting the bottom the
hierarchy Treatment is
successful Menen the person can stay
place over at
of
-
relaxed in
high
-
anxiety situations .
Flooding
Immediate to
exposure the
phobic stimulus
Flooding involves exposing a
person with a
phobia with the
phobic object without a
gradual build-up .
A
person with arachnophobia relieving grooving treatment
may
have a
large spider crawl over their nana anti
they can
feel
relaxed
Very qick learning through extortion .
Without avoidance the exhaustion
the
option of ,
the
person quickly leans that the
phobic object is harmless
through of their
This is known extinction
fear response as
. .
Ethical
safeguards
Flooding isn't unethical but it is an unpleasant experience so its
important that
people being treated
give informed consent .
They must be
fully prepared t know what to
expect
.
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