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Collin College BIOL 1408 Unit 6 Prokaryotes Packet
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- BIOL 1408
- Institution
- Collin College
Collin College BIOL 1408 Unit 6 Prokaryotes Packet
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Unit 6Prokaryotes
This lab uses the following hazardous chemicals:
I. Crystal Violet
II. Gram’s Iodine Solution
III. Ethanol
As a result students are required to wear, at minimum, Goggles & Gloves.
Abstract
Throughout the laboratory this semester, you have primarily discussed chemical and
physiological processes in the context of eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are cells that
contain a nucleus, which houses the organism or cell’s genetic material. In this unit
we will be discussing prokaryotic organisms, which are organisms that do not have a
nucleus. Specifically you will be focusing upon bacteria. These particular prokaryotes
are an important organism to study as they play various roles of importance in any
ecosystem. Some bacteria can perform the role of decomposers, some can live at
extremely high temperatures, some live in the gastro intestinal tract of humans, and
some are the source of human diseases. In this unit you will not only learn about the
differences between bacteria and eukaryotic cells, but you will also learn how to
distinguish different types of bacteria based upon their morphology and the properties
of the molecules on their exterior.
6.1 Classification of Bacteria Based Upon Morphology
Introduction
As stated previously, bacteria are classified based upon their morphology. Furthermore,
the bacteria can be further classified based upon they way in which they orient
themselves around other bacteria. This is to say that bacteria can occur in single
structures or in chains. Below you will find a list of bacteria classifications as well as
terms regarding their orientation to other bacteria.
Bacilli: elongated cigar or rectangular shaped microbes
Cocci: round, spherical or circular shaped microbes
Spirilla: spiral or corkscrew shaped microbes
Staphylo: Grape-like clusters
Strepto: Long chain-like structure
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, So if a grape-like cluster of cocci bacteria were observed, you would refer to them as
Staphylococcus.
Use this knowledge of the basic morphologies of bacteria to observe, identify and draw
one of each of these types of bacteria.
Classification of Bacteria Based Upon Morphology:
Materials and Methods
1. In your slide box you will find a slide that is labeled “Bacteria 3 Types Smear.”
Place this slide on the microscope stage.
2. Using the 4X objective, scan the slide for one of three dots. Once you have found
one, you may move your magnification up to 10X, then 40X.
3. Once you have the slide focused at 40X, add microscope oil, and switch to the
100X objective.
4. Draw what you observe, and correctly label the type of bacteria that you observe
in the space provided below.
5. Once you have finished drawing one type of bacteria, switch back to the 4X
objective, find one of the two other circles on the slide, and repeat steps 2-4 until
you have drawn all three types of bacteria.
Figure
1.
Drawings
and
Labels
of
the
three
different
types
of
bacteria
based
upon
their
morphology.
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