Summary of Chapter 14 about Solutions, Includes brief notes on Vapor Pressure with Volatile and Nonvolatiles, Osmotic Pressure, Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depression, Henry's Law, Gas Constants, Nonpolar and Polar Solvents, What Affects Solubility. Orange Coast College
Solution concentration Factors affecting
units solubility
- mass % : mass solute +100 - “like dissolves like”
mass solution - polar solvents tend to
-ppt: above ✗ 1000 dissolve polar molecules &
Equation
ionic cmpds
-ppm: ✗ 1,000,000 - b/c pos/neg end of polar
solvent (like h2o)
-Ppb: ✗ 11000,000 ,
000
attracted to pos/neg end
of polar molecule
moles solute
-mole fraction: ✗ =
moles solution
-nonpolar solvents dissolve
nonpolar molecules
MO I solute
- Molarity: M = -for solids, solubility ↑ as
L solution
temp *
- molality: m= Moles solute - for gas, solubility as temp i •
solvent
kg - for liquid and solid:
Vapor pressure of a pressure has little affect
solution w/ nonvolatile on solubility in h2o
- nonvolatile = no vp - for gas: higher partial
- adding nonvolatile solute pressure, the more soluble
to solvent lowers vp b/c it -define by Henry’s law:
takes up space in the solution C. K P gas Partial
g.
= .
& interfers w/ escape of
solvent contentration P
constant
'
- raoult’s law shows
relationship b/w solvent vp & Vapor pressure of
concentration solution w/ volatile
- in ideal solution where
LP ✗ P
= °
•
, ,
solute and solvent follow
VP
pure mole VP Raoult’s, vp=sum of vp from
solvent fraction each component
over
solvent
solvent - do raoult’s law twice:
solution ✗A
{
PA = •
PAO P total =
PBO PA + PB
PB= ✗ B •
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jamfestcrzy. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
