Test Bank Chapter 11: Health Problems of Infants Questions and Answers,100% CORRECT
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Health Problems of Infants
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Health Problems Of Infants
Test Bank Chapter 11: Health Problems of Infants Questions and Answers
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Recent studies indicate that a deficiency of which vitamin correlates with increased morbidity and mortality in children with measles?
a. A
b. C
c. Niacin
d. Folic acid
ANS: A
Vitamin A deficienc...
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Test Bank Chapter 11: Health Problems of Infants Questions and Answers
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Recent studies indicate that a deficiency of which vitamin correlates
with increasedmorbidity and mortality in children with measles?
a. A
b. C
c. Niacin
d. Folic acid
ANS: A
Vitamin A deficiency is correlated with increased morbidity and mortality in
children with measles. This vitamin deficiency also is associated with
complications from diarrhea, and infections are often increased in infants and
children with vitamin A deficiency. No correlationexists between vitamins C,
niacin, or folic acid and measles.
2. Which vitamin is recommended for all women of childbearing age to
reduce the risk ofneural tube defects such as spina bifida?
a. A
b. C
c. Niacin
d. Folic acid
ANS: D
The vitamin supplement that is recommended for all women of childbearing
age is a daily dose of 0.4 mg of folic acid. Folic acid taken before conception
and during pregnancy can reduce the risk of neural tube defects by 70%. No
correlation exists between vitamins A, C, orfolic acid and neural tube defects.
3. A nurse is assessing a child with kwashiorkor disease. Which
assessment findingsshould the nurse expect?
a. Thin wasted extremities with a prominent abdomen
b. Constipation
c. Elevated hemoglobin
d. High levels of protein
,ANS: A
The child with kwashiorkor has thin, wasted extremities and a prominent
abdomen from edema (ascites). Diarrhea (persistent diarrhea malnutrition
syndrome) not constipation commonly occurs from a lowered resistance to
infection and further complicates the electrolyte imbalance. Anemia and
protein deficiency is a common finding in malnourishedchildren with
kwashiorkor.
4. A nurse is preparing to accompany a medical mission’s team to a third
world country. Marasmus is seen frequently in children 6 months to 2 years in
this country. Which symptomsshould the nurse expect for this condition?
a. Loose, wrinkled skin
b. Edematous skin
c. Depigmentation of the skin
d. Dermatoses
ANS: A
Marasmus is characterized by gradual wasting and atrophy of body tissues,
especially of subcutaneous fat. The child appears to be very old, with loose and
wrinkled skin, unlike the child with kwashiorkor, who appears more rounded
from the edema. Fat metabolism is less impaired than in kwashiorkor; thus,
deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins is usually minimal or absent. In general, the
clinical manifestations of marasmus are similar to those seen in kwashiorkor
with the following exceptions: With marasmus, there is no edema from
hypoalbuminemia or sodium retention, which contributes to a severely
emaciated appearance;no dermatoses caused by vitamin deficiencies; little or
no depigmentation of hair or skin; moderately normal fat metabolism and lipid
absorption; and a smaller head size and slower recovery after treatment.
5. Rickets is caused by a deficiency in:
a. vitamin A.
b. vitamin C.
c. vitamin D and calcium.
d. folic acid and iron.
ANS: C
Fat-soluble vitamin D and calcium are necessary in adequate amounts to
prevent the development of rickets. No correlation exists between vitamins A,
C, folic acid, or iron andrickets.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral iron supplement to a
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